RIGulation of STING expression: at the crossroads of viral RNA and DNA sensing pathways.

The innate immune sensing of pathogens is important for host to mount defensive responses. STING has emerged in recent years as a critical signaling adaptor in the immune response to cytosolic DNA and RNA derived from pathogens. Liu et al. (2016) demonstrate that the RIG-I-dependent RNA sensing signaling induces STING expression via a TNF-α and IFN-α synergy. The up-regulation of STING is vital for 5'pppRNA restriction of HSV, a DNA virus that infects humans and causes herpes, in vitro and in vivo. This study provides new insights into the cross talk between DNA and RNA pathogen-sensing systems via the control of STING.