A new antibacterial chromone derivative from mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium aculeatum (No. 9EB).

One new chromone derivative, (2'S*)-2-(2'-hydroxypropyl)-5-methyl-7, 8-dihydroxy-chromone (1), together with three known compounds, bacillisporin A (2), bacillisporin B (3) and 5-carboxyphthalide (4) were obtained from the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium aculeatum (No. 9EB). Their structures were elucidated by the detailed analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited potent inhibitory activity against Bacillus subtilis with the same MIC values of 0.13 ± 0.02 μM, whereas compound 1 showed antibacterial activity against Salmonell with an MIC value of 2.00 ± 0.02 μM. Compound 2 and 3 possessed significant inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 33.55 ± 0.63 and 95.81 ± 1.12 μM, respectively.