Enhanced resin titanium adhesion with silane primers using tribochemical silica-coating.

Experimental silane primers and a urethane dimethacrylate resin were prepared to resin titanium bonding. Commercially pure 2 Ti coupons were pretreated and randomly assigned into groups: group-SM (ESPE Sil™+Multilink(®) Speed), group-SE (ESPE Sil™+experimental resin), group-AM (1.0 vol% 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane+Multilink(®) Speed), group-AE (1.0 vol% 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane+experimental resin), group-BM (1.0 vol% 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane+0.5 vol% bis-(1,2-triethoxysilyl)ethane+Multilink(®) Speed), and group-BE (1.0 vol% 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane+0.5 vol% bis-(1,2-triethoxysilyl) ethane+experimental resin). Specimens were stored in a desiccator for 24 h, and artificially aged by thermo-cycling (6,000 and 12,000 cycles). According to ANOVA and the Tukey's test (n=10, α=0.05), the mean enclosed mold shear bond strength after 24 h was highest in group-AE (26.2±4.0 MPa). After 12,000 thermo-cycles, the group-BM exhibited the highest adhesion strength (13.4±3.2 MPa). This study suggests that a silane primer (3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane+0.5 vol% bis-(1,2-triethoxysilyl)ethane) might enhance adhesion strength.