Results of geriatric distal radius fractures treated by intramedullary fixation.

INTRODUCTION: Distal radius fracture are common injuries but no gold standard for their therapy exists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of fracture care in distal radius fractures using an intramedullary implant (Targon DR interlocking nail). The nail had been developed to minimize the surgical exposure, increase fixation strength, to prevent tendon irritations and to allow for a fast return to activity.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective study reports the result of 43 patients with an age over 70 years (range 70-91 years) treated by closed reduction and intramedullary fixation. Inclusion criteria were displaced unilateral isolated AO A or C type fractures. The Targon DR interlocking nail was used for all patients. The minimum follow up was 12 months.

RESULTS: All fractures united within 2 months. At one-year follow-up the patients had a mean extension of 96.1 ± 1.5%, flexion of 91.6 ± 3.3%, pronation of 99.4 ± 0.7%, supination of 94.0 ± 2.0%, radial abduction of 98.1 ± 1.3%, ulnar deviation of 91.4 ± 3.0% and a grip strength of 91.5 ± 4.3% compared to the contralateral wrist. Pain score measured by a Visual Analogue Scale scored 0.0 ± 0.0 at rest and in activity 0.3 ± 0.3. The mean Castaing Score was good (1.06 ± 0.30) and the Gartland & Werley Score was excellent (1.50 ± 0.57). The mean radial shortening was 0.2 ± 0.1 mm and radial inclination was 3.1 ± 1.1° (range +15° to 0°). No deep soft-tissue or chronic osseous infections were observed. One patient developed a carpal tunnel syndrome. Paraesthesia or dysaesthesia of the superficial radial nerve was registered in seven patients and fully recovered in four patients. There were two cases of single screw loosening. We also found two cases of screw overlength and consecutive contact with the ulnar head, one patient underwent implant removal. Another patient developed CRPS (2.3%). We did not observe any case of hardware failure, tendon irritation or tendon rupture.

CONCLUSION: In geriatric patients intramedullary interlocking nailing of displaced extraarticular or intraarticular distal radius fracture with the Targon DR nail represents a viable treatment option and alternative to the use of volar interlocking plating in terms of fracture reduction, maintenance of reduction and functional outcome.