Self-Assembly of Discrete Ru II 8 Molecular Cages and Their in Vitro Anticancer Activity.

Four new octanuclear Ru(II) cages (OC-1-OC-4) were synthesized from dinuclear p-cymene ruthenium(II) acceptors [Ru2 (μ-η4 -C2 O4 )(CH3 OH)2 (η6 -p-cymene)2 ](O3 SCF3 )2 (A1 ), [Ru2 (μ-η4 -C6 H2 O4 )(CH3 OH)2 (η6 -p-cymene)2 ](O3 SCF3 )2 (A2 ), [Ru2 (dhnq)(H2 O)2 (η6 -p-cymene)2 ](O3 SCF3 )2 (A3 ), and [Ru2 (dhtq)(H2 O)2 (η6 -p-cymene)2 ](O3 SCF3 )2 (A4 ) separately with a tetradentate pyridyl ligand (L1 ) in methanol using coordination-driven self-assembly [L1 = N,N,N',N'-tetra(pyridin-4-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine]. The octanuclear cages are fully characterized by various spectroscopic techniques including single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of OC-4. The self-assembled cages show strong in vitro anticancer activity against human lung adenocarcinoma A549 and human cervical cancer HeLa cell lines as observed from the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Of all the octanuclear cages, OC-3 exhibits remarkable anticancer activity against both cancer cell lines and is more active than that reported for cisplatin. The excellent anticancer activity of OC-3 and OC-4 highlights the importance of the synergistic effects of the spacer component of the dinuclear p-cymene Ru(II) acceptor clips.