A novel electrochemical biosensor based on Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles-polyvinyl alcohol composite for sensitive detection of glucose.

In this research, a new electrochemical biosensor was constructed for the glucose detection. Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3 O4 ) were synthesized through co-precipitation method. Polyvinyl alcohol-Fe3 O4 nanocomposite was prepared by dispersing synthesized nanoparticles in the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized on the PVA-Fe3 O4 nanocomposite via physical adsorption. The mixture of PVA, Fe3 O4 nanoparticles and GOx was drop cast on a tin (Sn) electrode surface (GOx/PVA-Fe3 O4 /Sn). The Fe3 O4 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Also, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques were utilized to evaluate the PVA-Fe3 O4 and GOx/PVA-Fe3 O4 nanocomposites. The electrochemical performance of the modified biosensor was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Presence of Fe3 O4 nanoparticles in the PVA matrix enhanced the electron transfer between enzyme and electrode surface and the immobilized GOx showed excellent catalytic characteristic toward glucose. The GOx/PVA-Fe3 O4 /Sn bioelectrode could measure glucose in the range from 5 × 10-3 to 30 mM with a sensitivity of 9.36 μA mM-1 and exhibited a lower detection limit of 8 μM at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. The value of Michaelis-Menten constant (KM ) was calculated as 1.42 mM. The modified biosensor also has good anti-interfering ability during the glucose detection, fast response (10 s), good reproducibility and satisfactory stability. Finally, the results demonstrated that the GOx/PVA-Fe3 O4 /Sn bioelectrode is promising in biosensor construction.