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Usefulness of 18F-α-Methyltyrosine PET for Therapeutic Monitoring of Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer.

BACKGROUND/AIM: L-[3-(18)F]-α-methyl tyrosine ((18)F-FAMT) positron emission tomography (PET) has a high specificity for detecting malignant lesions. However, the usefulness of therapeutic monitoring of (18)F-FAMT PET against advanced human neoplasms remains unclear. Here, we evaluated (18)F-FAMT PET clinical significance regarding therapy response and outcome after systemic chemotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer, compared to (18)F-FDG PET.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients with untreated advanced lung cancer received (18)F-FAMT PET and (18)F-FDG PET before and 4 weeks after one cycle of chemotherapy. Metabolic response (MR) was defined according to the PERCIST guideline.

RESULTS: Ninety-five patients were eligible for analysis on both PET scans. The histological type included 87 non-small cell lung cancers and 8 small-cell lung cancers. Post-treatment maximal standardized uptake values (SUVmax) and MR on (18)F-FAMT PET were correlated with tumor response. In all patients, post-treatment SUVmax of (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FAMT PET and MR of (18)F-FAMT PET were statistically significant prognostic markers for predicting poor outcome by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis confirmed that MR on (18)F-FAMT PET was a significant independent prognostic factor.

CONCLUSION: MR on (18)F-FAMT PET may be a potential parameter to predict the prognosis after first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced lung cancer.

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