Formosimonas limnophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Burkholderiaceae isolated from a freshwater lake.

Strain AHQ-12T, isolated from a freshwater lake in Taiwan, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells of strain AHQ-12T were Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore forming, straight rods and formed translucent white-coloured colonies. Optimal growth occurred at 20 °C, pH 6.0 and with 0 % NaCl. The predominant fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-8, and the DNA G+C content was 50.4 mol%. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and several uncharacterized aminophospholipids and lipids. The major polyamine was cadaverine. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that this isolate was unique, showing less than 91 % sequence similarity to its closest relatives, including members of the genera Ralstonia (89.7-90.8 %), Cupriavidus (88.8-90.3 %), Polynucleobacter (88.2-89.5 %), Burkholderia (86.6-90.3 %) and Pandoraea (89.2-90.1 %). Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that strain AHQ-12T formed a distinct clade closely related to species of the family Burkholderiaceae. On the basis of the phylogenetic inference and phenotypic data, strain AHQ-12T should be classified as a novel species of a new genus in the family Burkholderiaceae, for which the name Formosimonas limnophila gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AHQ-12T (=BCRC 80690T=LMG 27847T=KCTC 32501T).