Antimicrobial stewardship of Chinese ministry of health reduces multidrug-resistant organism isolates in critically ill patients: a pre-post study from a single center.

BACKGROUND: China's Ministry of Health (MOH) has established a policy about the antimicrobial stewardship. To date, the effects of this policy on multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) in critically ill patients are unknown.

METHODS: A pre-post study was conducted on intensive care unit (ICU) patients from June 2010 to May 2011 and from June 2012 to May 2013. Bacterial cultures were conducted at ICU admission and discharge. In June 2011, our hospital started to administer the antimicrobial stewardship program of Chinese MOH. We collected the data on antimicrobial consumption during the 3-year period in all hospital and individual department every month, and analyzed the correlation between the proportion of critically patients colonized or infected with MDRO and antimicrobial consumption.

RESULTS: A total of 978 patients were involved in the present study. With the intervention, the monthly mean Defined Daily Dose (DDD) per 100 occupied bed-days throughout the hospital decreased from 96 ± 7 to 65 ± 6 (p < 0.001), and the proportion of patients colonized or infected with MDRO decreased from 36 to 13% at the time of ICU admission and declined from 48 to 29% at the time of ICU discharge (both p < 0.001). There was a significant positive relationship between the proportion of all critically ill patients colonized or infected with MDRO at ICU admission and the DDD of the entire hospital (R2  = 0.7858, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: The antimicrobial stewardship program of Chinese MOH reduced the consumption of antibiotics. Moreover, the proportion of patients colonized or infected with MDRO decreased along with reduced consumption of antibiotics.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Retrospectively registered: NCT02128399; Date of registration: 22 APR 2014; Detail information web link: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02128399?term=NCT02128399&rank=1.