Localization and expression patterns of TRP channels in submandibular gland development.

OBJECTIVE: Expression of Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels: TRP canonical (TRPC)1, TRP vanilloid (TRPV)3, TRPV4 and TRP melastatin (TRPM)8 in adult rat salivary gland has recently been reported. The authors investigated expression of these TRP channels in the submandibular gland during early developmental stage in which the cell constitution is different, and discussed the function of TRP in the submandibular gland in early development.

DESIGN: Using rat submandibular gland at embryonic days (E)18 and E20 and postnatal days (PN)0 and PN5 and PN28, expression of TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPC1 and TRPM8 was investigated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS: All TRP channels were expressed in cells constituting the submandibular gland in early developmental stage, but an increase in the expression level at PN5 on RT-PCR was significant compared with those at E18, PN0 and PN28 in TRPC1 and TRPV4 channels, whereas an increase was observed but not significant in the others. On immunohistochemical staining at PN5, whereas strong reactions of anti-TRPM8 antibody, anti-TRPV3 and anti-TRPV4 antibodies were observed in cells which proliferated from a terminal portion of cells arranged tubular structure which previously constituted mostly the submandibular gland.

CONCLUSION: It was clarified that TRP channels are expressed in the rat submandibular gland in early developmental stage although cells constituting the submandibular gland are different from those in adult animals, suggesting that these TRP channels are involved in cell differentiation in at PN5 into the adult submandibular gland during early development.