[Analysis of Lymphocyte Subsets in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Aplastic Anemia or Hypoplastic Myelodysplastic Syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the ratio of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of patients with aplastic anemia (AA) and patients with hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome (hypo-MDS) patients and to evaluate their significance.

METHODS: The clinical data of 181 cases of AA and 111 cases of hypo-MDS from January 2008 to December 2014 were collected from Blood Diseases Hospital of Chinese academy of medical sciences, and then the differences of lymphocyte subsets and its effect in 2 groups were analyzed.

RESULTS: CD4+ /CD8+ ratio, proportion of CD3+ cells and its subsets CD3+ CD4+ /CD3+ CD8+ cells in hypo-MDS group were not significant different from AA group (P>0.05). the proportion of CD3- CD16/CD56+ NK cells and CD3+ CD57+ T-LGL cells in hypo-MDS group was significantly higher than that in AA group (P<0.05, P<0.01), but CD19+ B lymphocyte percentage in hypo-MDS patients was lower than that in AA patients (P<0.05). After dividing group according to CD4+ /CD8+ ratio, the ratios of CD3+ CD16/CD56+ NK cells and CD3+ /CD57+ T-LGL cells were higher only in normal CD4+ /CD8+ ratio group of hypo-MDS patients than those in AA patients, while the ratio of B lymphocytes was significant different in inverted CD4+ /CD8+ ratio group between hypo-MDS and AA patients. The CD19+ B lymphocyte ratio in hypo-MDS patients was significantly lower than that in AA patients (P<0.05). As well, the levels of erythrocytes and platelets in peripheral blood between hypo-MDS and AA patients only in normal CD4+ /CD8+ ratio group were significantly different, while the significant difference of WBC count and reticulocyte ratio were observed in high CD4+ /CD8+ ratio and non-inverted CD4+ /CD8+ ratio groups, respectively; the significant difference of bone marrow blast ratio and muture monocyte ratio was found in high CD4+ /CD8+ ratio group.

CONCLUSION: The changes of lymphocyte subsets can be used as an reference indicator for differential diagnosis of hypo-MDS and AA. The comparative analysis of patients with these 2 kinds of diseases after dividing into subgroups according to ratio of CD4+ /CD8+ cells is beneficial to differentiat diagnosis.