[Masticatory apparatus disorder: how can rehabilitation treatment help?]

INTRODUCTION: The temporomandibular joint is highly adaptive and masticatory apparatus disorders (MAD) can occur when its ability to adapt is overwhelmed. Occlusal etiologies were long pinpointed as the sole culprits. However, a consensus now exists which minimizes their involvement. It is recognized that the etiology of MAD is multifactorial, combining occlusal problems, parafunctions, postural anomalies, orofacial dyspraxia and stress.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this article, the authors review the role of physiotherapy in managing these pathologies.

RESULTS: While it remains essential to treat the symptoms in order to relieve pain, optimum treatment requires the underlying pathogenic mechanisms to be identified. Rehabilitation treatment, therefore, offers a physiotherapy-based approach providing an etiological solution. By reeducating function, physiotherapy produces lasting results.

DISCUSSION: Given the multifactorial nature of MAD etiologies, maxillofacial rehabilitation is an indispensible ally for odontologists or orthodontists adopting a multidisciplinary approach in their treatment of this disorder.