The importance of taking late cardiovascular toxicity induced by TKI into consideration in patients with CML.

BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has dramatically improved the prognosis of CML patients. Now, one of the most important factors with a marked effect on prognosis in CML patients is having a comorbidity. Recently, cardiovascular events (CVE) have been reported in some clinical trials as a late toxicity of TKI, which might be associated with off-target of TKI, ABL/ARG, PDGFR and VEGFR. Because TKI-associated CVE is one of the potentially lethal adverse events associated with TKI administration, hematologists must practice the "ABCDE steps" for CML patients treated with second generation TKI in collaboration with cardiologists.