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Controlling the Polarization State of Light with Plasmonic Metal Oxide Metasurface.
ACS Nano 2016 October 6
Conventional plasmonic materials, namely noble metals, hamper the realization of practical plasmonic devices due to their intrinsic limitations, such as lack of capabilities to tune in real-time their optical properties, failure to assimilate with CMOS-standards, and severe degradation at elevated temperatures. Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) is a promising alternative as plasmonic material throughout the near- and mid-infrared wavelengths. In addition to compatibility with established silicon-based fabrication procedures, TCOs provide great flexibility in the design and optimization of plasmonic devices since their intrinsic optical properties can be tailored and dynamically tuned. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate metal-oxide metasurfaces operating as quarter-wave plates (QWP) over a broad near infrared (NIR) range from 1.75 to 2.50 µm. We employ zinc oxide highly doped with gallium (Ga:ZnO) as the plasmonic constituent material of the metasurfaces, and fabricate arrays of orthogonal nanorod pairs. Our Ga:ZnO metasurfaces provide a high degree of circular polarization across a broad range of two distinct optical bands in the NIR. Flexible broadband tunability of the QWP metasurfaces is achieved by the significant shifts of their optical bands, and without any degradation in their performance, after a post annealing process up to 450 °C.
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