Carpal Coalitions and Metacarpal Synostoses: A Review.

Background: Carpal coalition and metacarpal synostosis are uncommon congenital anomalies of the carpus and hand. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to help guide surgical and non-surgical treatment of carpal coalition and metacarpal synostosis. Results: The embryology, epidemiology, medical and surgical management, and associated outcomes are detailed. Conclusions: Most patients with these disorders will likely benefit from conservative measures. Surgery should be considered in patients with pain and limitations in wrist and hand function.