[An epidemiological study of occupational injuries in Xuzhou railway from 1975 to 2015].

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of occupational injuries in Xuzhou Railway, and to provide a scientific basis for the management of railway occupational safety and hygiene. Methods: From January to March, 2016, it was used the descriptive epidemiology research methods to collect the files of the professional injuries cases reported in Xuzhou railway from 1975 to 2015 to retrospectively survey and study and analyze the characteristics of professional injuries in the aspect of sociology, time, work, damage type and nature, etc. Results: From 1975 to 2015, the number of people in Xuzhou railway who had professional injuries, reached injure level and professionally died are 804, 558 and 4. The rate of occupational injuries was 0.07‰~5.87‰ and the occupational injuries rate of up to grade was 0.03‰~1.50‰. The annual average incidence rate was 0.79‰ and the annual average incidence rate of up to grade was 0.55‰. The mortality of occupational injuries was 3.95×10(-3)‰. The occurrence rate of occupational injuries showed a downward trend in wave mode. The proportion of occupational injuries of 26 to 30 years old and 11 to 15 working years workers was higher, respectively, 18.03% and 19.28%. The proportion of male occupational injuries (88.56%) was higher than that of female (11.44%) . The proportion of workers with low cultural level was higher. The time period of occupational injury was more concentrated in 2: 00~3: 00 and 16: 00~17: 00, and the proportion of occupational injuries was higher in August and the first quarter. The difference in occupational injuries rates of different years had the statistical significance (χ(2)=6 546.121, P=0.000) . The difference in the occupational injuries rates of up to grade of different years had the statistical significance (χ(2)=1 981.623, P=0.000) . The mainly departments and posts involved in occupational injuries were locomotive department (26.12%) and shunting operation (25.00%) . The most kinds was vehicles injury (37.31%) and most injury parts was upper limb (34.87%) . Fracture was the most common injure nature (46.89%) . The mild degree of injury was main injury degree (72.95%) . The main reasons causing occupational injuries were violations (47.64%) and weak safety awareness (28.36%) . Conclusion: The incidence of occupational injuries in Xuzhou railway shows a trend of wave-like reduction year by year. Violations and weak awareness of safety are the main reasons for the occurrence of occupational injuries. The departments in charge of railway occupational safety and hygiene management need to take effective measures to strengthen the intervention of occupational injuries in key positions and reduce or eliminate railway occupational injuries.