A comparative study of the effect of Bio-Oss ® in combination with concentrated growth factors or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in canine sinus grafting.

BACKGROUND: To compare the effects of Bio-Oss® in combination with concentrated growth factors (CGFs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on bone regeneration for maxillary sinus floor augmentation in beagle dogs.

METHODS: Six beagle dogs received bilateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation. Venous blood drawn from dogs was collected and centrifuged to obtain CGFs. BMSCs derived from canine bone marrow were cultured using density gradient centrifugation. The suspension of BMSCs was added onto Bio-Oss® granules at a density of 2 × 106 cells/ml, and the BMSCs/Bio-Oss® constructs were incubated for an additional 4 h before use. Twelve sinuses were grafted with a mixture of CGFs/Bio-Oss® , BMSCs/Bio-Oss® construct, or Bio-Oss® alone. Six months later, the bone formation of bilateral sinuses was evaluated by Micro-CT, microhardness test, histological examination, and histomorphometry.

RESULTS: No adverse effect was found in these dogs. The dome-shaped augmentation protruded into the sinus cavity. Micro-CT revealed that there was significant difference in BV/TV but not in Tb. N, between groups A, B, and C. The extent of microhardness in groups A and B was significantly higher than in group C. The proportion of newly formed bone in groups A and B showed significant difference when compared to group C (P ≤ 0.01). The amount of residual grafts in groups A and B was significantly lower than in group C.

CONCLUSIONS: Grafting with Bio-Oss® in combination with CGFs can increase new bone formation more efficiently than using Bio-Oss® alone in a canine model.