HELQ in cancer and reproduction.

Helicase POLQ-like (HELQ), an ATP-dependent 3'-5' DNA helicase, plays pivotal roles in DNA processing, such as DNA replication, recombination and repair. The recent discovery of HELQ in mouse model and human cancer cell reveal that genetic alteration of HELQ is involved in cancer susceptibility and subfertility. Here we review the origin, function and mechanisms of HELQ in maintaining genomic stability. Furthermore, we also summarize the known roles of HELQ in human carcinogenesis and reproduction. Importantly, we review that HELQ releases DNA replication block at interstrand cross-linking sites in cellular tolerance to cross-linking agents during DNA repair process. It may provide new avenues to develop novel therapies for enhancing efficacy of conventional chemotherapy.