We have located links that may give you full text access.
Incident parkinsonism in older adults without Parkinson disease.
Neurology 2016 September 7
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of parkinsonism in community-dwelling older adults without Parkinson disease.
METHODS: Four parkinsonian signs were assessed with a modified motor portion of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale in 2,001 older adults without parkinsonism. We used Cox proportional hazards models to determine the associations of age and sex with incident parkinsonism (2 or more signs). We calculated the number of events per 1,000 person-years of observation in 3 age strata. Next, we investigated several potential risk factors for incident parkinsonism. Then, we examined longitudinal progression of parkinsonism using discrete-time multistate Markov models.
RESULTS: Average age at baseline was 76.8 years (SD 7.62 years). During an average of 5 years of follow-up, 964/2,001 (48.2%) developed parkinsonism. Age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-1.10) but not male sex (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.91-1.23) was associated with incident parkinsonism. The incidence of parkinsonism per 1,000 person-years of follow-up was 36.0 for adults <75 years of age, 94.8 for those 75-84, and 160.5 for those 85 years or older. Depressive symptoms, neuroticism, urinary incontinence, sleep complaints, and chronic health conditions were associated with incident parkinsonism. Secondary analyses suggest that risk factors are linked with incident parkinsonism via early motor signs of parkinsonism and cognitive function. Transition modeling suggests that while parkinsonism may fluctuate, it is progressive in most older adults and its risk factors increase the odds of its progression.
CONCLUSIONS: Parkinsonism is common in older adults and increases with age. Identifying modifiable risk factors may decrease the magnitude of this growing public health problem.
METHODS: Four parkinsonian signs were assessed with a modified motor portion of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale in 2,001 older adults without parkinsonism. We used Cox proportional hazards models to determine the associations of age and sex with incident parkinsonism (2 or more signs). We calculated the number of events per 1,000 person-years of observation in 3 age strata. Next, we investigated several potential risk factors for incident parkinsonism. Then, we examined longitudinal progression of parkinsonism using discrete-time multistate Markov models.
RESULTS: Average age at baseline was 76.8 years (SD 7.62 years). During an average of 5 years of follow-up, 964/2,001 (48.2%) developed parkinsonism. Age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-1.10) but not male sex (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.91-1.23) was associated with incident parkinsonism. The incidence of parkinsonism per 1,000 person-years of follow-up was 36.0 for adults <75 years of age, 94.8 for those 75-84, and 160.5 for those 85 years or older. Depressive symptoms, neuroticism, urinary incontinence, sleep complaints, and chronic health conditions were associated with incident parkinsonism. Secondary analyses suggest that risk factors are linked with incident parkinsonism via early motor signs of parkinsonism and cognitive function. Transition modeling suggests that while parkinsonism may fluctuate, it is progressive in most older adults and its risk factors increase the odds of its progression.
CONCLUSIONS: Parkinsonism is common in older adults and increases with age. Identifying modifiable risk factors may decrease the magnitude of this growing public health problem.
Full text links
Related Resources
Trending Papers
Challenges in Septic Shock: From New Hemodynamics to Blood Purification Therapies.Journal of Personalized Medicine 2024 Februrary 4
Molecular Targets of Novel Therapeutics for Diabetic Kidney Disease: A New Era of Nephroprotection.International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2024 April 4
The 'Ten Commandments' for the 2023 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of endocarditis.European Heart Journal 2024 April 18
A Guide to the Use of Vasopressors and Inotropes for Patients in Shock.Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 2024 April 14
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app
All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2024 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.
By using this service, you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy.
Your Privacy Choices
You can now claim free CME credits for this literature searchClaim now
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app