Treatment Outcomes of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital over Two Decades.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes in treatment outcomes and epidemiologic profiles of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) patients over a 20-year period.

STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective study recruited all GTN patients who were treated at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital during the period January 1994-December 2013. Clinical data were collected. Statistical analyses were performed, with p values < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: There were 183 GTN cases during the study period, resulting in an incidence of 1.03 cases per 1,000 deliveries. Fifty-five cases (30.1%) were diagnosed as GTN following nonmolar pregnancy, and 128 cases were identified as postmolar GTN. A total of 113 cases were diagnosed as stage I, 12 as stage II, 40 as stage III, and 17 as stage IV; 125 cases (68.3%) were clas- sified as low risk, and 57 cases (31.1%) as high risk. Actinomycin D was the most frequently used first-line single-agent chemotherapy (98 cases), and VAC regimen was the most frequently used combination chemotherapy (24 cases). EMACO regimen was the most frequently used second-line chemotherapy (11 cases). The median number of chemotherapy courses was 4.5 courses in the first decade and 6 courses in the second decade of our study (p = 0.005). Median duration of treatment was 72 days (range, 7-491 days). Overall remission rate was 82.6%, with rates of 76% in the first decade and 90.8% in the second decade of the study (p=0.03).

CONCLUSION: Incidence of high-risk GTN increased over the course of the study period at our national referral hospital. Improvement in patient outcomes was observed, being directly associated with improved targeted chemotherapy regimens.