[Bronchitis obliterans associated with bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia in a child and literature review].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical-radiologic-pathologic features of bronchitis obliterans that complicated with bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP).

METHOD: The clinical manifestations, characteristic imaging and pathology of a case with pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) complicated with bronchitis obliterans and BOOP were summarized and relative articles were reviewed.

RESULT: A 10-year-old girl complained of recurrent paroxysmal cough and episodes of wheezing with exercise, productive of yellowish sputum, irregular fever for 1 month presented with lower breath sounds of left lower lobe and localized tubular breath sounds. Lung imaging studies showed atelectasis of the left lower lobe with proximal bronchiectasis. Follicular hyperplasia of bronchial mucosa, subsegmental bronchial obliterans and sputum bolt were detected via Fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Pathological sections of lung tissue revealed greyish yellow or red color, localized carnification, and yellowish intraluminal excretions. Microscopy displayed fiber connective tissue hyperplasia, foam cells and Masson bodies. Serologic examination detected the titer of MP-IgM antibody over 1∶160. Erythromycin, corticosteroids and broncho-alveolar lavage were applied to the patient, leading to improved condition for a certain period. However, the symptoms relapsed and surgical resection of left lung had to be carried out to achieve a convalescence eventually. No literature was found from the search results of " Bronchitis obliterans " and " cryptogenic organizing pneumonia" in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and PubMed database during the period from January 1990 to January 2016.

CONCLUSION: The patient who had Bronchitis obliterans complicated with BOOP suffered from persisting fever and respiratory symptoms, and showed lower breath sounds and localized tubular breath sounds. MP-IgM was positive. Lung image showed atelectasis with proximal bronchiectasis. Fiber connective tissue hyperplasia and Masson bodies were found in pathologic examinations. The patient was recovering after surgical resection of the affected side of the lung.