[Effects of an obesogenic diet enriched in sardine by-products on pro-atherogenic markers in Wistar rats].

AIM OF THE STUDY: The effects of an obesogenic diet enriched in sardine by-products (Sardina pilchardus) on blood pressure, glycemic control and some cardiovascular risk factors, in particular pro-atherogenic were studied on an experimental model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male rats (n=12) weighing 200±10g were subjected to an adjustment phase of 10 days in an obesogenic diet containing 30% sheep fat. After this period, the rats were divided into two homogeneous groups. The first group (HF-SBp) consumes the obesogenic diet supplemented with 30% of by-products flour (F-SBp), and the second (HF) continuous to consume the obesogenic diet and serve as control.

RESULTS: At day 30, in HF-SBp versus HF group: a reduction was noted in diastolic (-11%) and systolic (-10%) pressure, glycemia (-19%), glycated hemoglobin percent (-43%), serum total lipids concentration (-22%), triacylglycerols (-37%), total cholesterol (-29%) and unesterified cholesterol (-30%), cholesteryl esters (-30%), cholesterol of very low density lipoprotein (-37%) and low density (-37%) was noted. Inversely, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and LCAT activity were enhanced by 19% and 77%, respectively. However, the atherogenicity index and membrane fluidity were reduced (P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: Sardine by-products probably by their bioactive compounds properties seem to have antihypertensive, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antiatherogenic properties that could prevent and/or attenuate some metabolic disorders associated with obesity.