[Prevalence of uterine anatomical anomalies in mexican women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL)].

INTRODUCTION: In Mexico, the information available about the prevalence of uterine anatomical anomalies as the direct and indirect cause of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is limited.

OBJECTIVE: To know the prevalence and types of uterine anatomical anomalies in Mexican women with RPL.

METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, we included women attending a clinic for RPL from 2008 to 2013, with a history of three or more consecutive gestational losses, with the same couple and complete study protocol by factors. Altered anatomical factor was defined by any of the following diagnoses: Müllerian malformations, submucosal myomas, uterine synechiae, endometrial polyp, and cervical weakness, confirmed by laparoscopy and hysteroscopy.

RESULTS: We analyzed 188 women. The prevalence of anatomical anomalies was 41.5% (n = 78); the type of anatomical anomaly was: cervical weakness 15.9% (n = 30), septate uterus 11.7% (n = 22), and uterine synechiae 9.6% (n = 18), endometrial polyps 1.6% (n = 3), bicornuate uterus 1.1% (n = 2), arcuate uterus 0.5% (n = 1), didelphic uterus 0.5% (n=1), and submucosal myoma 0.5% (n=1). We identified the anatomic factor as the unique cause of RPL in 35.6% (n = 67) of cases.

CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of altered anatomical factor in Mexican women with RPL is 41.5%; more frequent anomalies were: cervical weakness, septate uterus, and uterine synechiae.