An omission procedure reorganizes the microstructure of sign-tracking while preserving incentive salience.

Appetitive sign-tracking, in which reward-paired cues elicit approach that can result in cue interaction, demonstrates how cues acquire motivational value. For example, rats will approach and subsequently interact with a lever insertion cue that signals food delivery upon its retraction. However, lever deflections are rapidly reduced once rats are trained on an omission schedule in which lever interactions cancel food delivery. Here we evaluated the change in sign-tracking response topography in rats exposed to such an omission procedure. Lever deflections dropped precipitously when they canceled reward. However, rats that were on an omission schedule continued to approach, sniff, and contact the lever without pressing it, and did so at comparable rates to rats that were not under an omission schedule. Thus, sign-tracking was maintained, albeit in a different manner, following omission. Such findings show that the motivational attraction to reward cues can be expressed with remarkable persistence and flexibility.