Prevalence of a positive TORCH and parvovirus B19 screening in pregnancies complicated by polyhydramnios.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of women with polyhydramnios who eventually screened positive to infectious disease by serum screening testing for TORCH and parvovirus B19.

METHODS: This is a retrospective observational study on singleton pregnancies with a diagnosis of polyhydramnios and who had serum screening for TORCH and parvovirus B19. Patients were followed with serial ultrasounds between 2006 and 2013. Maternal characteristics, medical and obstetric history were reviewed. Ultrasound parameters, including amniotic fluid index and fetal anomalies, and the results of serologic tests were reviewed.

RESULTS: Two hundred ninety patients met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 56 (19%) presented one of the following pathological conditions associated with polyhydramnios: diabetes (13% of total cases), obstructive gastrointestinal lesions (5%), Rhesus isoimmunization (0.3%), chromosomal abnormalities or genetic syndromes (1%). Among the remaining 234 patients, only three had a positive test result for infectious disease (1%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0-4%): two women were positive for parvovirus B19 and one for toxoplasmosis infection. In none of them the fetus was affected, as confirmed by serum testing after birth and by 3 years follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS: Infectious disease screening does not seem beneficial in pregnancies with isolated polyhydramnios.