[Clinical comparative study on the treatment characteristics of secretory otitis media between cleft and non-cleft palate patients].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the treatment characteristics of secretory otitis media (SOM) in cleft palate children.

METHODS: A total of 319 patients (524 ears) with SOM and cleft palate (3-14 years old) who accepted treatment were divided into experiment group A, group B, and group C according to effusion characteristics in the middle ear and tympanic pressure. Group A included 112 patients with serous effusion (198 ears). Group B included 162 patients with mucinous effusion (248 ears). Group C included 45 patients (78 ears) with negative pressure in the middle ear without effusion and an acoustic immittance. A total of 208 patients (246 ears) with SOM and tonsil and adenoid hypertrophy were divided into control group Al, group B1, and group Cl matched with the same effusion characteristics in the middle ear and tympanic pressure. Group A and Al accepted puncture in the tympanic cavity, group B and B1 accepted tympanostomy tubes, and group C and Cl accepted puncture in the tympanic cavity after palatoplasty, adenoidectomy, and tonsillectomy. All groups were treated with antibiotics and ear drops. Cure rate and recurrence rate between the experiment group and the control group were compared.

RESULTS: The control group had a better cure rate [93.09% (229/246)] than the experiment group [77.29% (405/524)] 12 months after treatment. The experiment group had a higher recurrence rate [14.57% (59/405)] than the control group [3.93% (9/229)]. Statistical differences were observed between the two groups (P<0.05). SOM with cleft palate initially had a low cure rate, and thus it was treated repeatedly for many times.

CONCLUSION: SOM with cleft palate is different from normal otitis media in terms of clinical manifestation, treatment, outcome, and prognosis. This case should be considered a special otitis media to be treated with special examination and therapy to obtain better results. Repeated puncture in the tympanic cavity and tympanostomy tubes for six months according to effusion characteristics are better treatment options for patients with SOM and cleft palate.