Synopsis of Phyllosticta in China.

The generic concept of Phyllosticta has undergone substantial changes since its establishment in 1818. The existence of conidia with a mucilaginous sheath and an apical appendage is synapomorphic for Phyllosticta species, which has been shown in recent molecular phylogenetic studies. Thus a natural classification of Phyllosticta species should emphasize above morphological characters. Many names in Phyllosticta, both published in the scientific literatures and in publically accessible databases, need updating. In China, more than 200 species names in Phyllosticta have been recorded, of which, 158 species names are reviewed here based on their morphological descriptions and molecular data. Only 20 species of Phyllosticta are accepted from China. Other records of Phyllosticta refer to Phoma (89 records), Asteromella (14 records), Boeremia (9 records), Phomopsis (7 records) and Microsphaeropsis (1 record), with 19 names of uncertain generic classification. This work demonstrates an urgent need for the re-assessment of records of Phyllosticta worldwide.