Volar capsulodesis of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint at the time of basal joint arthroplasty: a surgical technique using suture anchors.

PURPOSE: To document the long-term results of our volar metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint capsulodesis technique that is completed concomitantly with basal joint arthroplasty and involves a suture anchor placement, short-term pinning, and a rigid hand therapy protocol.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review to examine results over a 30-month period of our volar capsulodesis technique. Follow-up results were recorded 26 to 48 months after surgery. The treatment regimen included suture anchors, joint pinning for 6 weeks, and a strict hand therapy protocol. Indications for surgery were thumb MCP joint hyperextension deformity of at least 30° and radiographic evidence of stage 3 (or greater) basal joint arthritis. We examined preoperative and postoperative range of motion, pain, pinch strength, and complications. Average patient age was 63 years (range, 55-77 y). We treated 14 thumbs in 14 patients.

RESULTS: After capsulodesis, average range of motion for the MCP joint of the thumb was 4° extension and 46° flexion. The last follow-up indicated no cases of hyperextension contracture. Complications included one superficial pin track infection (treated with oral antibiotics) and one patient's report of pain at the thumb MCP joint.

CONCLUSIONS: When completed as described, thumb MCP joint capsulodesis performed concurrently with trapeziometacarpal arthroplasty can be a straightforward procedure that produces positive results.

TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic IV.