[Benzylthiouracil-induced antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated cutaneous vasculitis: a case report and literature review].

INTRODUCTION: Vasculitis associated to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies is a rare complication of therapy with antithyroid medication. They were mainly reported in patients treated with propylthiouracil and rarely with benzylthiouracil.

CASE REPORT: We report a 22-year-old woman treated with benzylthiouracil for Graves' disease, who developed a vasculitic skin involvement. The presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies with anti-myeloperoxidase specificity was documented. The discontinuation of benzylthiouracil was followed by a complete disappearance of skin lesions and of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.

CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, only ten cases of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies vasculitis induced by benzylthiouracil have been previously reported in the literature. Our patient was characterized by the occurrence of isolated cutaneous vasculitis, without renal involvement. Early discontinuation of benzylthiouracil may have prevented the occurrence of severe visceral complication.