Epidemiology of school injuries in Alexandria.

This study was conducted to reveal the magnitude of school injuries in Alexandria, their epidemiological patterns and outcomes. All pupils attending the casualty department of Alexandria Students' Hospital during the scholastic year 1996-1997 with school injuries were included in this study. An interview questionnaire and a transfer sheet were used to collect relevant information. Data were analyzed and the 5% level was taken to judge the significance of the obtained results. During the study period, 3422 pupils sustained school injuries yielding a rate of 4.25 per 1000. This rate was significantly higher among boys (6.43 per 1000) as well as in secondary schools (8.11 per 1000). Most of these injuries occurred inside the school (72.0%). In relation to school activity, injuries occurred more frequently during breaks (28.1%), school trips (27.8%) and teaching sessions (25.6%). Falls were responsible for 52.3% of the injuries followed by struck by or against (25.2%), while 11.9% were due to road traffic accidents. The most commonly affected sites were the upper (46.2%) and lower (32.1%) limbs as well as the head and neck (16.6%). High proportions of the resulting injuries were minor, however, severe injuries namely, fractures (23.2%) and brain concussions (2.8%) were encountered. Significant differences were observed in this respect in relation to the pupils' gender and educational stage. Only 12.5% of the cases were hospitalized. All recovered completely except four cases of leg amputation and no deaths were recorded. School injuries appear to be a priority area for primary preventive activities. School personnel should receive safety rounds to recognize the potential environmental hazards. Stringent supervision is required in areas and during activities with high frequency of injuries. Moreover, safety education should be incorporated in the curriculum and activities involving school children.