[Early hebdomadal complications in newborns from mothers with both mild and severe preecampsia].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the early hebdomadal complications in newborns from mothers with both mild and severe preeclampsia.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A transversal, observational trial was conducted in HGR No 1 IMSS, Morelia, Michoacán, México. The clinical records of gestating women were reviewed to detect those who had preeclampsia (PE) or eclampsia in the tokosurgical ward of the same hospital. Newborns were sent up to neonatology room, where their perinatal clinical history was done, and were also observed to detect complications.

RESULTS: During the trial 1,644 gestating women were attended: 49 (3%) had PE, 25 (51%) of which had mild PE, 24 (49%) severe PE. Gestational age in 12 (25%) was less at the 37 weeks. With regard to delivery resolution, cesarian section was performed in 28 (57%). As to neonates, one or more early hebdomadale complications were observed in 32 (65%), in which asphyxia, hypoglucemia, and hypocalcemia as well as necrotizing enterocolitis predominated. Multivariate and univariate analysis showed severe preeclampsia to be associated as a significant and independent risk factor for asphyxia, hypocalcemia and necrotizing enterocolitis (RR 7.2, CI 95% 1.8-2.8; RR 1.3 CI 95% 1.0-1.7; and RR 1.4 CI 95% 1.0-1.9 respectively) (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: Disseminating the prenatal control significance to detect PE is important because of the repercussions over gestating women and fetus, which increases perinatal morbidity and mortality.