T1dm

AIMS: Insulin glargine, a long-acting human insulin analogue, allows for once-daily basal use in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). MYL-1501D is a proposed insulin glargine biosimilar. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Safety and efficacy of MYL-1501D and reference insulin glargine were evaluated in INSTRIDE 1: a 52-week, open-label, randomized, phase 3 study in patients with T1DM. The primary objective was to determine whether once-daily MYL-1501D was noninferior to once-daily insulin glargine when administered in combination with mealtime insulin lispro based on change in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c ) from baseline to week 24...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although there has been significant progress towards closed-loop type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) treatments, most diabetic patients still treat this metabolic disorder in an open-loop manner, based on insulin pump therapy (basal and bolus insulin infusion). This paper presents a method for automatic insulin bolus shaping based on insulin-on-board (IOB) as an alternative to conventional bolus dosing. METHODS: The methodology presented allows the pump to generate the so-called super-bolus (SB) employing a two-compartment IOB dynamic model...

BACKGROUND: Elevated cardiovascular disease risk in people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is incompletely understood. Glycemic control, glycemic variability, and sleep quality and duration may relate to cardiovascular disease risk in this population via endothelial dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine relationships among glycemic control, glycemic variability, sleep quality and duration, and endothelial function in adults with T1DM. METHODS: Endothelial function was measured using flow-mediated dilation...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the long-term cost-effectiveness of insulin pumps and Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating (pumps+DAFNE) compared with multiple daily insulin injections and DAFNE (MDI+DAFNE) for adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in the UK. METHODS: We undertook a cost-utility analysis using the Sheffield Type 1 Diabetes Policy Model and data from the Relative Effectiveness of Pumps over Structured Education (REPOSE) trial to estimate the lifetime incidence of diabetic complications, intervention-based resource use and associated effects on costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs)...

BACKGROUND: Neopterin, a marker of inflammation and cellular immune response, is elevated in conditions of T-cell or macrophages activation. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is associated with inflammatory/immune processes and therefore, we hypothesized that neopterin could be used as a marker of neuropathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). AIM: To measure neopterin levels in children and adolescents with T1DM and assess its possible relation to DPN and nerve conduction studies (NCS)...

INTRODUCTION: This study investigated the degree and direction (kHR) of the heart rate to performance curve (HRPC) during cardio-pulmonary exercise (CPX) testing and explored the relationship with diabetes markers, anthropometry and exercise physiological markers in type 1 diabetes (T1DM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-four people with T1DM (13 females; age: 34 ± 8 years; HbA1c: 7.8 ± 1% (62 ± 13 mmol.mol-1) performed a CPX test until maximum exhaustion. kHR was calculated by a second-degree polynomial representation between post-warm up and maximum power output...

Background: Renal biopsies performed in diabetic patients are increasing and becoming more complex. Comprehensive data on modern spectrum of biopsy-proven renal disease in Chinese diabetic patients are lacking. Methods: In a nationwide renal biopsy survey including 71,151 native biopsies from 2004 to 2014, diabetic patients were identified according to the clinical diagnosis from referral records. The clinical data were extracted from referral records and pathological reports...

BACKGROUND: The association between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and specific cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is uncertain. Furthermore, data on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in relation to risk of aortic valve stenosis, atrial fibrillation, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and intracerebral hemorrhage are scarce and inconclusive. We examined the associations of T1DM and T2DM with incidence of seven CVD outcomes. METHODS: This study comprised 71,483 Swedish adults from two population-based prospective cohorts...

We investigated the effects of conditioned medium (CM) from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (h BMMSC)s and pulse wave photobiomodulation (PW PBM), applied alone or in combination, on the stereological parameters and gene expression of some growth factors, during wound healing in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model of type one diabetes mellitus (T1DM). T1DM was induced in 72 rats and two incisions were made in each animal. The rats were assigned to one of four groups: a control (placebo) group, a Laser group (890 nm, 80 Hz, 0...

PURPOSE: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disorder of insulin deficiency but with a wide range of hormones simultaneously disturbed. The study was performed to explore relation of free triiodothyronine (FT3) with metabolic control and occurrence of microangiopathic complications. METHODS: A total of 266 adult T1DM participants [56% men; 32 (interquartile range, IQR: 25-39) years and disease duration 13 (IQR: 8-19) years] in euthyroid state with negative history for hypothyroidism were included to the study...

The aim of present study was to elucidate the association of CTLA4 +49 A/G and HLA-DRB1*/DQB1* gene polymorphism in south Indian T1DM patients. The patients and controls (n = 196 each) were enrolled for CTLA4 and HLA-DRB1*/DQB1* genotyping by RFLP/PCR-SSP methods. The increased frequencies of CTLA4 'AG' (OR = 1.99; p = 0.001), 'GG' (OR = 3.94; p = 0.001) genotypes, and 'G' allele (OR = 2.42; p = 9.26 × 10-8 ) were observed in patients. Reduced frequencies of 'AA' (OR = 0...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this analysis was to estimate the cost of insulin-related hypoglycemia in adult patients with diabetes in Italy using the Local Impact of Hypoglycemia Tool (LIHT), and to explore the effect of different hypoglycemia rates on budget impact. METHODS: Direct costs and healthcare resource utilization were estimated for severe and non-severe hypoglycemic episodes in Italy and applied to the population of adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and their corresponding hypoglycemia episode rates (0...

Aim: This manuscript aims to describe stigmatizing features of diabetes. Design: This article presents a narrative review of literature pertaining to stigma surrounding diabetes in different contexts. Methods: A literature search was conducted in CINAHL, PubMed and Web of Science for qualitative studies published between 2007-2017. The search was completed using various combinations of diabetes, T1DM, T2DM, stigma, social/public stigma, internalized/self-stigma, stigmatization and diabetes-related stigma in English...

In the XXI century diabetes mellitus has become one of the main threats to human health with higher incidence in regions such as Europe and North America. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) occurs as a consequence of the immune-mediated destruction of insulin producing β-cells located in the endocrine part of the pancreas, the islets of Langerhans. The administration of exogenous insulin through daily injections is the most prominent treatment for T1DM but its administration is frequently associated to failure in glucose metabolism control, finally leading to hyperglycemia episodes...

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present paper was the assessment of the psychometric properties of the Polish language version of the Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL) questionnaire applied in Poland among patients with type 1 (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS: The studies were carried out among 330 patients with diabetes including 115 with T1DM and 215 with T2DM. In all the patients the level of the quality of life was investigated using the Polish language version of the ADDQoL and the psychometric properties were determined taking into consideration internal consistency, the factor loading and intraclass correlations...

OBJECTIVES: Patients with diabetes mellitus are at a risk for hypoglycaemia. Besides the burden of hypoglycaemia for patients, hypoglycaemia poses an economic burden to society. The aim of this study was to calculate the per patient societal costs of hypoglycaemia among patients with type1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on insulin therapy in the Netherlands. METHODS: To calculate the costs of hypoglycaemia, data from the Global Hypoglycaemia Assessment Tool (HAT) study were used...

BACKGROUND: Adolescents tend to have risky behaviors like aggression and self-injury due to the age period characteristics. The risk of aggression and self-injury may increase in adolescents with the addition of chronic diseases. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted descriptively to determine and compare the aggression and self-injury in those with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and healthy counterparts. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 60 adolescents with T1DM followed up in the child endocrinology polyclinic of a university hospital and 319 healthy counterparts, 15-18 aged, at 9th-12th grade at high school...

We present the case of an adult female with type 1 diabetes, whose HbA1c was trending at 58 mmol/mol (7.5%) for the past 3 years. In August 2016, she reduced her total daily carbohydrate intake to 30-50 g and adjusted her other macronutrients to compensate for the calorific deficit. Her HbA1c fell to 34 mmol/mol (5.3%) by January 2017 and average daily blood glucose readings decreased significantly from 10.4 to 6.1 mmol/L. Moreover, she observed a marked reduction of average daily glucose variability...

Circulating apolipoprotein-defined lipoprotein subclasses (ADLS) and apolipoproteins predict vascular events in the general and type 2 diabetes populations, but data in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) are limited. We examined associations of ADLS, serum apolipoproteins and conventional lipids with carotid IMT measured contemporaneously and six years later in 417 T1DM participants (men: n=269, age 42±6 y [mean±SD]; women: n=148, age 39±8 y) in the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study, the follow-up of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)...

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) affects approximately 30-40% of patients with type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). It is a major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) for the developed world. Hyperglycemia and genetics are major causal factors for the initiation and progression of DN. Multiple abnormalities in glucose and mitochondrial metabolism induced by diabetes likely contribute to the severity of DN. Recent clinical studies in people with extreme duration of T1DM (> 50 years, Joslin Medalist Study) have supported the importance of endogenous protective factors to neutralize the toxic effects of hyperglycemia on renal and other vascular tissues...