keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535578/current-knowledge-of-enterococcal-endocarditis-a-disease-lurking-in-plain-sight-of-health-providers
#21
REVIEW
Francesco Nappi
Enterococcus faecalis is a bacterial pathogen that can cause opportunistic infections. Studies indicate that initial biofilm formation plays a crucial regulatory role in these infections, as well as in colonising and maintaining the gastrointestinal tract as a commensal member of the microbiome of most land animals. It has long been thought that vegetation of endocarditis resulting from bacterial attachment to the endocardial endothelium requires some pre-existing tissue damage, and in animal models of experimental endocarditis, mechanical valve damage is typically induced by cardiac catheterisation preceding infection...
March 7, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535570/transcriptome-analyses-in-adult-olive-trees-indicate-acetaldehyde-release-and-cyanide-mediated-respiration-traits-as-critical-for-tolerance-against-xylella-fastidiosa-and-suggest-aox-gene-family-as-marker-for-multiple-resilience
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Birgit Arnholdt-Schmitt, Debabrata Sircar, Shahid Aziz, Thais Andrade Germano, Karine Leitão Lima Thiers, Carlos Noceda, Revuru Bharadwaj, Gunasekaran Mohanapriya, José Hélio Costa
Xylella fastidiosa ( Xf ) is a global bacterial threat for a diversity of plants, including olive trees. However, current understanding of host responses upon Xf -infection is limited to allow early disease prediction, diagnosis, and sustainable strategies for breeding on plant tolerance. Recently, we identified a ma jor c omplex t rait for e arly d e novo programming, named CoV-MAC-TED , by comparing early transcriptome data during plant cell survival with SARS-CoV-2-infected human cells. This trait linked ROS/RNS balancing during first hours of stress perception with increased aerobic fermentation connected to alpha-tubulin-based cell restructuration and control of cell cycle progression...
March 5, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535563/lung-microbiota-and-ventilator-associated-pneumonia-in-the-neonatal-period
#23
REVIEW
Fermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo, Lourdes Urquía Martí, Marta Siguero Onrubia, Moreyba Borges Luján, Gloria Galán Henríquez, Desiderio Reyes Suárez
The lung microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that colonize the respiratory tract of individuals from, or even before, birth. Although the lungs were traditionally believed to be sterile, recent research has shown that there is a diversity of bacterial species in the respiratory system. Knowledge about the lung microbiota in newborns and its relationship with bacterial infections is of vital importance to understand the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases in neonatal patients undergoing mechanical ventilation...
March 1, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535559/current-role-of-surgery-in-the-treatment-of-neurocysticercosis
#24
REVIEW
Pedro Tadao Hamamoto Filho, Luiz Fernando Norcia, Agnès Fleury, Marco Antônio Zanini
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a common parasitic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in low- and middle-income countries. The infection is pleomorphic, caused by the larval form of the cestode, Taenia solium , and part of the heterogeneity of its clinical presentations is associated with the localization of the parasite within the CNS. Changes in the current epidemiological trends of NCC indicate that extra-parenchymal NCC is proportionally becoming more frequent. Extraparenchymal NCC is commonly accompanied by raised intracranial hypertension due to hydrocephalus, which is an emergency requiring cyst extirpation by surgical intervention to relieve the symptoms...
February 29, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535540/types-and-mechanisms-of-efflux-pump-systems-and-the-potential-of-efflux-pump-inhibitors-in-the-restoration-of-antimicrobial-susceptibility-with-a-special-reference-to-acinetobacter-baumannii
#25
REVIEW
Kira M Zack, Trent Sorenson, Suresh G Joshi
Bacteria express a plethora of efflux pumps that can transport structurally varied molecules, including antimicrobial agents and antibiotics, out of cells. Thus, efflux pump systems participate in lowering intracellular concentrations of antibiotics, which allows phenotypic multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria to survive effectively amid higher concentrations of antibiotics. Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the classic examples of pathogens that can carry multiple efflux pump systems, which allows these bacteria to be MDR-to-pan-drug resistant and is now considered a public health threat...
February 23, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535539/-sarcocystis-spp-of-new-and-old-world-camelids-ancient-origin-present-challenges
#26
REVIEW
Sarah N Wieser, Susana M Giuliano, Juan Reategui Ordoñez, Ximena Barriga Marcapura, Luis V M Olivera, Miguel Angel Chavez Fumagalli, Leonhard Schnittger, Mónica Florin-Christensen
Sarcocystis spp. are coccidian protozoans belonging to the Apicomplexa phylum. As with other members of this phylum, they are obligate intracellular parasites with complex cellular machinery for the invasion of host cells. Sarcocystis spp. display dixenous life cycles, involving a predator and a prey as definitive and intermediate hosts, respectively. Specifically, these parasites develop sarcocysts in the tissues of their intermediate hosts, ranging in size from microscopic to visible to the naked eye, depending on the species...
February 23, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535527/population-immunity-and-polio-eradication
#27
REVIEW
Paul E M Fine
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative made immense progress after its establishment in 1988 as a consequence of high coverage with various poliovirus vaccines in all populations of the world. Problems have arisen in recent years, however, related to security issues in some countries, to the circulation of vaccine-derived polioviruses, and to the recognition that individuals with certain immune deficiencies can remain infected and infectious for many months or years. As natural infection and different vaccines have different effects on the immune system, the patterns of humoral and mucosal immunity to polioviruses in the world today are complex but are crucial to the ultimate success of the eradication initiative...
February 20, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535507/proteoform-analysis-of-the-human-olfactory-system-a-window-into-neurodegenerative-diseases
#28
REVIEW
Eqrem Rusi, Fiorenza Pennacchia, Wael Abu Ruqa, Giuseppina Talarico, Giuseppe Bruno, Antonio Minni, Christian Barbato
Background : Very little is known about the proteome of the human olfactory system and how diseases associated with olfactory dysfunctions can affect it. With this review, we try to summarize the existing literature on the use of this technique for a better understanding of the neurodegenerative disease process. Methods : We used the PubMed database and found different articles which were then selected independently by three authors. Results : We found 157 articles, of which, after careful selection, only 30 were analyzed in this review...
March 21, 2024: Proteomes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535417/multimodal-rehabilitation-management-of-a-misunderstood-parsonage-turner-syndrome-a-case-report-during-the-covid-19-pandemic
#29
Fabio Santacaterina, Marco Bravi, Mirella Maselli, Federica Bressi, Silvia Sterzi, Sandra Miccinilli
During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, a young adult presented symptoms that were reported at first evaluation to be a frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis). The patient's history, clinical manifestations related to the onset of pain, unilateral weakness, and physical examination led to a physiotherapy referral. Subsequent instrumental investigations showed an idiopathic brachial neuritis known as Parsonage-Turner Syndrome (PTS). Contrary to recent descriptions in the literature, the patient did not experience PTS either after COVID-19 vaccination or after COVID-19 virus infection...
February 23, 2024: Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535409/a-phase-three-study-of-the-safety-and-immunogenicity-of-a-four-dose-series-of-20-valent-pneumococcal-conjugate-vaccine-in-healthy-infants
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shelly Senders, Nicola P Klein, Noor Tamimi, Allison Thompson, Gary Baugher, James Trammel, Yahong Peng, Peter Giardina, Ingrid L Scully, Michael Pride, Kimberly J Center, William C Gruber, Daniel A Scott, Wendy Watson
BACKGROUND: The 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) was developed to extend pneumococcal disease protection beyond 13-valent PCV (PCV13). METHODS: This phase 3, double-blind study conducted in the United States/Puerto Rico evaluated PCV20 safety and immunogenicity. Healthy infants were randomized to receive a 4-dose series of PCV20 or PCV13 at 2, 4, 6 and 12-15 months old. Objectives included demonstrating noninferiority (NI) of PCV20 to PCV13 immunoglobulin G (IgG) geometric mean concentrations after doses 3 and 4 and percentages of participants with predefined IgG concentrations after dose 3, with 7 additional PCV20 serotypes compared with the lowest result among vaccine serotypes in the PCV13 group...
March 26, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535345/inhibition-of-rice-stripe-virus-accumulation-by-polyubiquitin-c-in-laodelphax-striatellus
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bo-Xue Li, Yu-Hua Qi, Chuan-Xi Zhang, Jian-Ping Chen, Jun-Min Li, Gang Lu
Many hosts utilize the ubiquitin system to defend against viral infection. As a key subunit of the ubiquitin system, the role of polyubiquitin in the viral infection of insects is unclear. Here, we identified the full-length cDNA of the polyubiquitin-C (UBC) gene in Laodelphax striatellus , the small brown planthopper (SBPH). LsUBC was expressed in various tissues and was highly expressed in salivary glands, midgut, and reproductive systems. Furthermore, the LsUBC expression profiles in the developmental stages showed that LsUBC was ubiquitously expressed in seven developmental stages and was highest expressed in female adults with SBPH...
February 22, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535341/development-of-a-technique-using-artificial-membrane-for-in-vitro-rearing-of-body-lice-pediculus-humanus-humanus
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alissa Hammoud, Meriem Louni, Linda Abou-Chacra, Gabriel Haddad, Noelle Mazzotti, Florence Fenollar, Oleg Mediannikov
Human lice are the only hematophagous ectoparasites specific to human hosts. They transmit epidemic typhus, trench fever and relapsing fever, diseases which have already caused millions of deaths worldwide. In order to further investigate lice vectorial capacities, laboratory-controlled live lice colonies are essential. Previously developed lice-rearing methods significantly advanced research on louse-borne diseases and louse biology. In this study, we aimed to develop a rearing technique for the Orlando (Or) strain of body lice on an artificial membrane...
February 21, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535251/gold-nanoparticle-based-colorimetric-and-fluorescent-dual-mode-lateral-flow-immunoassay-for-sars-cov-2-detection
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying Gan, Hefan Zhang, Jing Liu, Fuqin He, Fengheng Li, Ao Li, Man Xing, Dongming Zhou, Shan-Yu Fung, Hong Yang
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection caused the COVID-19 pandemic, impacting the global economy and medical system due to its fast spread and extremely high infectivity. Efficient control of the spread of the disease relies on a fast, accurate, and convenient detection system for the early screening of the infected population. Although reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is the gold-standard method for SARS-CoV-2 RNA analysis, it has complex experimental procedures and relies on expensive instruments and professional operators...
February 27, 2024: Journal of Functional Biomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535235/systemic-candida-infection-and-pulmonary-aspergillosis-in-an-alpaca-vicugna-pacos-a-case-report
#34
Andrea Grassi, Claudia Cafarchia, Nicola Decaro, Wafa Rhimi, Vittoriana De Laurentiis, Giulia D'Annunzio, Andrea Luppi, Paola Prati
This study reports a peculiar case of systemic candidiasis infection associated with pulmonary aspergillosis in an apparently immunocompetent alpaca. A captive 7-year-old female alpaca exhibited respiratory symptoms, underwent treatment with benzylpenicillin and dexamethasone, and succumbed to the infection 40 days later. During the post-mortem examination, subcutaneous emphysema, widespread pneumonia with multiple suppurative foci, scattered necro-suppurative lesions throughout the renal and hepatic parenchyma were evident...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535180/innovations-in-antifungal-drug-discovery-among-cell-envelope-synthesis-enzymes-through-structural-insights
#35
REVIEW
Yue Zhou, Todd B Reynolds
Life-threatening systemic fungal infections occur in immunocompromised patients at an alarming rate. Current antifungal therapies face challenges like drug resistance and patient toxicity, emphasizing the need for new treatments. Membrane-bound enzymes account for a large proportion of current and potential antifungal targets, especially ones that contribute to cell wall and cell membrane biosynthesis. Moreover, structural biology has led to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which these enzymes synthesize their products, as well as the mechanism of action for some antifungals...
February 22, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535108/electrocardiography-in-children-hospitalized-for-covid-19-and-not-suffering-from-multisystem-inflammatory-syndrome-in-children-mis-c-an-observational-study
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cristian Locci, Pier Paolo Bassareo, Chiara Fanelli, Ivana Maida, Laura Saderi, Mariangela V Puci, Giovanni Sotgiu, Maria Chiara Culeddu, Stefania Piga, Antonella Oppo, Roberto Antonucci
The risk of cardiac involvement with electrophysiological abnormalities during COVID-19 infection has been reported in adults but remains poorly studied in children. Our aim was to determine the frequency of cardiac involvement and the necessity of routine cardiac evaluation in children hospitalized for COVID-19. This observational study included 127 children, with a median (IQR) age of 2 (0.83-6.0) years, who were hospitalized for COVID-19 between 1 January 2021 and 31 August 2022, 62 (48.8%) of whom were males...
March 4, 2024: Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535091/enterococcal-central-nervous-system-infections-in-children-a-22-years-experience-in-a-tertiary-center-and-review-of-the-literature
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aviad Schnapp, Sergei Elber-Dorozko, Violeta Temper, Oren Gordon, Dina Averbuch
BACKGROUND: Enterococcal meningitis in children is rare, and its clinical presentation, laboratory characteristics and outcomes are not well defined. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of Enterococcal meningitis cases during 2002-2023 at our tertiary center. RESULTS: We identified 10 cases in children aged 2 weeks to 15 years (median age: 8 months). Seven children were males and 9 had comorbidities, including a ventriculoperitoneal shunt in 5 children...
March 26, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535044/denguefog-a-fog-computing-enabled-weighted-random-forest-based-smart-health-monitoring-system-for-automatic-dengue-prediction
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ashima Kukkar, Yugal Kumar, Jasminder Kaur Sandhu, Manjit Kaur, Tarandeep Singh Walia, Mohammed Amoon
Dengue is a distinctive and fatal infectious disease that spreads through female mosquitoes called Aedes aegypti. It is a notable concern for developing countries due to its low diagnosis rate. Dengue has the most astounding mortality level as compared to other diseases due to tremendous platelet depletion. Hence, it can be categorized as a life-threatening fever as compared to the same class of fevers. Additionally, it has been shown that dengue fever shares many of the same symptoms as other flu-based fevers...
March 15, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534740/covid-19-associated-cardiovascular-disease-risks-prevention-and-management-heart-at-risk-due-to-covid-19
#39
REVIEW
Andrew Kemerley, Abhishek Gupta, Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu, Monica Maloney, Sean Burgwardt, Nilanjana Maulik
The SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2) virus and the resulting COVID-19 pandemic have had devastating and lasting impact on the global population. Although the main target of the disease is the respiratory tract, clinical outcomes, and research have also shown significant effects of infection on other organ systems. Of interest in this review is the effect of the virus on the cardiovascular system. Complications, including hyperinflammatory syndrome, myocarditis, and cardiac failure, have been documented in the context of COVID-19 infection...
February 29, 2024: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534708/strategies-for-preventing-and-treating-oral-mucosal-infections-associated-with-removable-dentures-a-scoping-review
#40
REVIEW
Adriana Barbosa Ribeiro, Pillar Gonçalves Pizziolo, Lorena Mosconi Clemente, Helena Cristina Aguiar, Beatriz de Camargo Poker, Arthur Augusto Martins E Silva, Laís Ranieri Makrakis, Marco Aurelio Fifolato, Giulia Cristina Souza, Viviane de Cássia Oliveira, Evandro Watanabe, Cláudia Helena Lovato da Silva
Oral infections occur due to contact between biofilm rich in Candida albicans formed on the inner surface of complete dentures and the mucosa. This study investigated historical advances in the prevention and treatment of oral mucosal infection and identified gaps in the literature. Bibliographic research was conducted, looking at PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus, where 935 articles were found. After removing duplicates and excluding articles by reading the title and abstract, 131 articles were selected for full reading and 104 articles were included...
March 18, 2024: Antibiotics
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