scapulothoracic

Inferior angle of scapula fractures are rare, and can lead to pain and impaired shoulder function. This report details the cases of two adult patients with inferior angle of scapula fractures who underwent acute surgical reduction and suture repair. In both patients, the avulsed fragment was dislocated and entrapped in the scapulothoracic joint resulting in noticeable crepitations and disturbed scapulothoracic rhythm during active range of motion. After surgery, both patients achieved significant improvements in shoulder function, enabling them to resume their daily activities without limitations...

BACKGROUND: Both inlay and onlay humeral implants are available for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA), but biomechanical data comparing these components remains limited. This study investigated the effects of inlay and onlay rTSA humeral components on shoulder biomechanics using a biorobotic shoulder simulator. METHODS: Twenty fresh-frozen cadaver shoulders were tested before and after rTSA with either an inlay or onlay humeral implant. Comparisons were performed between the most commonly implanted configurations for each implant (baseline), and a modification to provide equivalent neck shaft angle (NSA) for the inlay and onlay configurations...

CONTEXT.: Shoulder muscles are active during front crawl swimming to provide propulsion and stabilize the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints. It has been proposed that fatigue might contribute to altered activation of these muscles and represent a risk factor for injuries. Tensiomyography (TMG) might represent a non-invasive tool to detect exercise-induced neuromuscular fatigue changes in contractile parameters of the skeletal muscles, and it has never been used in the shoulder muscles in swimmers...

BACKGROUND: Obstetric brachial plexus injury (OBPI) is a weakening or paralysis of the upper arm caused by brachial plexus injury followed by a muscle paralysis with severe repercussions on the movement of the shoulder joint following a progressive glenohumeral joint deformity. This case series analyzes the clinical and radiological outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in OBPI patients with a follow-up of 2 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: OBPI patients with secondary end-stage glenohumeral arthritis were enrolled in the study and they were treated with RSA...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Rotator cuff tears are prevalent shoulder injuries, significantly affecting shoulder stabilization and patient quality of life. Despite rehabilitation efforts post-arthroscopic surgery, the efficacy of scapular-focused exercises remains uncertain with limited supportive evidence. PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the immediate and short-term effects of emphasizing scapulothoracic joint rehabilitation in addition to conventional physiotherapy on pain, range of motion (ROM), function, quality of life, and treatment effectiveness in patients after shoulder arthroscopic rotator cuff tendon repair (ARCR)...

BACKGROUND: Patient-specific scapular shape in functional posture can be highly relevant to clinical research. Biplanar radiography is a relevant modality for that purpose with already two existing assessment methods. However, they are either time-consuming or lack accuracy. The aim of this study was to propose a new, more user-friendly and accurate method to determine scapular shape. METHODS: The proposed method relied on simplified manual inputs and an upgraded version of the first 3D estimate based on statistical inferences and Moving-Least Square (MLS) deformation of a template...

Myxoid soft tissue tumors are an unusually diverse group of neoplasms, most commonly involving the extremities. They are mesenchymal neoplasms characterized by the abundant production of myxoid matrix with a gelatinous appearance. They have varying characteristics in medical imaging and histopathology. The prognosis is variable for recurrence. Less regularly, they are found in bone, skin, the genitourinary tract, aponeurotic tissue, and subcutaneous tissue. We present a case of myxomatous tumor at the scapulothoracic region mimicking bursitis...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine whether preoperative planning software (PPS) accurately predicts clinical range of motion (ROM) in patients with reverse total shoulder arthroplasty 1 year postoperatively with preoperative and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 16 reverse total shoulder arthroplasty patients with preoperative and postoperative (CT) scans obtained at least 1 year postoperatively...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of manual therapy to therapeutic exercise on shoulder pain, disability, and range of motion (ROM) in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS). METHODS: Sixty patients with SAIS were randomly assigned into the manual therapy (MT) and therapeutic exercise (TE) groups. Patients in the MT group were treated with joint mobilization, which was applied to the glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular and scapulothoracic joints, and trigger point (TrP) inactivation using ischemic compression...

Medialization of the rotator cuff insertion as a technique to manage massive rotator cuff tears has been described for decades. However, "extreme medialization" as a means to manage massive rotator cuff tears with significant atrophy warrants caution. Nonanatomic reconstruction almost always carries a price. Biomechanical studies show extreme medialization results in significant and obligate restriction of motion, and it is difficult to imagine how extreme medialization would allow normal clinical motion without substantial scapulothoracic compensation...

Scapular kinematic estimates are altered by soft tissue artefacts, therefore experimental and numerical methods should be developed to improve their accuracy. This study aimed to assess the influence of weights applied to the scapula markers within a closed-loop multibody kinematic optimization on scapular kinematic estimates. Fifteen healthy volunteers performed static postures mimicking analytical, daily living and sport movements. Scapulo-thoracic angles were computed either from a scapula locator as the reference, or from a closed-loop multibody-kinematic optimization (MKO) including a participant-specific point-on-ellipsoid scapulothoracic joint...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Thoracic outlet syndrome is an umbrella term for compressive pathologies in the supraclavicular and infraclavicular fossae, with the vast majority being neurogenic in nature. These compressive neuropathies, such as pectoralis minor syndrome, can be challenging problems for both patients and physicians. Robust understanding of thoracic outlet anatomy and scapulothoracic biomechanics are necessary to distinguish neurogenic vs. vascular disorders and properly diagnose affected patients. Repetitive overhead activity, particularly when combined with scapular dyskinesia, leads to pectoralis minor shortening, decreased volume of the retropectoralis minor space, and subsequent brachial plexus compression causing neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome...

BACKGROUND: In tennis athletes with scapular dyskinesis, the activation of the scapulothoracic muscles during serve is not known. Also, the mechanical properties (tone, elasticity, and stiffness) of the scapulothoracic muscles of the tennis athletes with scapular dyskinesis are likely to change. The study aimed to evaluate the activation of the scapulothoracic muscles while performing tennis serve and to determine the changes in the mechanical properties of the same muscles in young tennis athletes with scapular dyskinesis...

This report presents the first case of painful anterior shoulder snapping due to a thickened, fibrotic bursa snapping between the subscapularis and the short head of the bicep during external and internal rotation of the humerus. A 46-year-old presented with a 10-month history of on-and-off anterolateral right shoulder pain and snapping. Direct treatment to the anterior suspected lesions partially and temporarily relieved the pain but did not reduce the snapping. Further musculoskeletal examination and dynamic ultrasound scanning showed dysfunction in the scapulothoracic movement and defects of the muscles that interact with the infraspinatus aponeurotic fascia...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Volleyball is an exceptionally popular global sport that involves repetitive, rapid, powerful and wide overhead movements, which can seriously alter normal shoulder kinematics. A recognized hallmark of shoulder muscle balance is the ratio of shoulder external (ER) and internal (IR) rotators. By extension, objective measurement of shoulder muscles' strength could help identify at risk athletes and preempt those injuries by engaging in prescriptive strength training programs...

The human shoulder complex's motion is modeled by nine rotational degrees of freedom (DoF) at the sternoclavicular (SC), acromioclavicular (AC), and glenohumeral joints. Non-invasive measurement of these rotations is desirable for shoulder kinematic assessment or musculoskeletal modeling. Accuracy of the conventional method for estimating SC posterior rotation is unclear and might be overestimated because it assumes no rotation in the AC joint. We aimed to explore whether our new method, allowing AC rotation, provides a more accurate estimation of SC posterior rotation than the conventional method...

Snapping scapula syndrome (SSS) is a source of pain and discomfort in patients. It is not uncommon for patients who present with SSS to have some degree of scapular dysfunction, especially with the tightness of the pectoralis minor (PM) muscle. In this Technical Note, we demonstrate our preferred technique for arthroscopic scapulothoracic bursectomy and partial scapulectomy with concomitant pectoralis minor release for the treatment of symptomatic SSS and PM tightness. In the treatment of these patients, PM release is beneficial because arthroscopic scapulothoracic bursectomy or partial scapulectomy alone may result in residual scapular dyskinesis...