Subclinical hypothyroidism preterm

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism, defined by elevated thyrotropin (TSH) and normal free thyroxine levels, is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, pre-eclampsia, and small for gestational age. Despite the uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of levothyroxine (LT4) treatment on pregnancy outcomes in subclinical hypothyroidism, LT4 is widely administered with a pre-treatment threshold TSH level of 2.5 mU/L. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of periconceptional LT4 treatment for subclinical hypothyroidism, including TSH levels >2...

CONTEXT: Associations between adverse maternal complications and fetal outcomes are known entity in thyroid disorders during pregnancy. Thus, prompt identification of thyroid disorders and timely initiation of treatment is essential. Universal screening and early treatment of pregnant women for thyroid disorder should be considered especially in a resource-limited country like India with a high prevalence of undiagnosed thyroid disorders and adverse feto-maternal outcomes. AIMS: Early treatment will prevent feto-maternal complications in thyroid disorders in pregnant females visiting outpatient department in tertiary care hospital in rural settings...

BACKGROUND: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is linked to dyslipidaemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the impact of dyslipidaemia on the outcome of pregnancy in SCH is unclear. METHODS: We enrolled 36,256 pregnant women and evaluated their pregnancy outcomes. The following data was gathered during the first trimester (≤ 13+ 6 weeks of gestation): total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations...

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to test the therapeutic effect of extra-low dose of levothyroxine (LT4; 25 mcg/day) to preconception and pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study, SCH women who succeeded in their first in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle between January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020 were included. SCH is defined as normal serum free thyroxine (T4) level and an elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level >4 mIU/L...

BACKGROUND: Transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity (THOP) is defined as a low level of circulating thyroxine (T4), despite low or normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the incidence of THOP, the clinical and laboratory findings of preterm infants with this condition and the levothyroxine (L-T4) treatment. METHODS: Preterm infants (n = 181) delivered at 24-34 weeks of gestation were evaluated by their thyroid function tests that were performed between the 10th and 20th days of postnatal life and interpreted according to the gestational age (GA) references...

BACKGROUND: Thyroid disorders are one of the commonest endocrine problems among pregnant women. It is often argued that it is not only overt, but subclinical thyroid dysfunction also has similar adverse effects on maternal and fetal outcomes. There is a huge deficiency of data from the Indian population to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of thyroid disorders in pregnancy and their impact on obstetrical outcomes in the Indian population...

Thyroid hormone plays a critical role in fetal growth and development, and thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy is associated with several adverse outcomes, such as miscarriage and preterm birth. In this review, we introduce and explain three major changes in the revised Korean Thyroid Association (KTA) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease during pregnancy: first, the normal range of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) during pregnancy; second, the treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism; and third, the management of euthyroid pregnant women with positive thyroid autoantibodies...

INTRODUCTION: Iodine deficiency and thyroid disorder during pregnancy have adverse effects on fetal and neonatal outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To assess iodine status and thyroid functioning during pregnancy and to evaluate the feto-maternal outcome. METHODS: Urinary iodine content (UIC) is determined by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry method and thyroid hormone analysis was carried out by chemiluminescence assay. Fetal and neonatal outcomes were obtained from hospital records...

OBJECTIVE:  The aim of this study was to evaluate whether being small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA) or having a small or large head circumference (HC) at birth is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. STUDY DESIGN:  This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter negative randomized trial of thyroxine therapy for subclinical hypothyroid disorders in pregnancy. The primary outcome was child intelligence quotient (IQ) at 5 years of age...

BACKGROUND: Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have investigated the effect of levothyroxine (LT4) therapy in pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). However, all these studies have clinical or methodological problems (such as adopting the old 2011 American Thyroid Association [ATA] diagnostic criteria, directly combining randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and cohort studies for meta-analysis, and so on), and cannot provide accurate and satisfactory results. Thus, we performed this updated systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) to assess the effect of LT4 therapy in pregnant women with SCH, with the goal of providing more accurate and reliable evidence for clinical practice...

Hypothyroidism is a systemic hypometabolic syndrome caused by the thyroxine resistance or a reduction in its extent. It is an endocrinopathy secondary to gestational diabetes and occurs usually without significant symptoms. This study explored the effect of bisphenol A (BPA)-mediated retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4) on pregnancy outcomes in a nonobese pregnant female with subclinical hypothyroidism. Three hundred nonobese pregnant females who had that established pregnancy files and had regular obstetric examinations from January 2021 to March 2022 were enrolled and classified with 100 cases in each group as early pregnancy (6-12 weeks of gestation), second-trimester (13-24 weeks of gestation), and third-trimester groups (25-36 weeks of gestation)...

Introduction Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) are well documented, whereas data regarding the risk and benefit of levothyroxine treatment in such cases are insufficient and inconsistent. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of levothyroxine treatment on pregnancy outcomes in these women. Materials and methods Healthy women with a singleton pregnancy were screened before 12 weeks of gestation for subclinical hypothyroidism using 2017 American Thyroid Association guidelines...

While thyroid disturbances during perinatal and postnatal periods in preterm infants with congenital hypothyroidism reportedly disrupt neuronal development, no study has considered the effect of thyroid disturbances in premature infants with subclinical hypothyroidism with elevations of thyroid stimulating hormone. We aimed to identify altered fiber integrity from the thalamus to cortices in preterm infants with subclinical hypothyroidism. All preterm infants born were categorized according to thyroid stimulating hormone levels through serial thyroid function tests (36 preterm controls and 29 preterm infants with subclinical hypothyroidism)...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the detection rate of pregnancy complicated with hypothyroidism [subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) during pregnancy] has increased significantly. Levothyroxine sodium tablet is the main drug for the treatment of SCH during pregnancy, but its effect on the treatment of SCH during pregnancy and the effect of pregnancy outcome are still controversial. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, and Embase databases were screened to retrieve clinical studies on levothyroxine sodium tablets in the treatment of pregnancy complicated with hypothyroidism from the date of establishment to June 2021...

The hypertensive pregnant woman is at a higher risk of complications either before, during or after birth and the baby can be adversely affected leading to preterm birth, low birth weight, placental separation (abruption) and other complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate thyroid dysfunction among pregnant women with hypertension. The study participants were 150 hypertensive pregnant women, 25 non-hypertensive pregnant women and 25 non-hypertensive non-pregnant women. Exactly 5mL of blood was collected and used for the assay of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique...

Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the relationship of thyroid function during the first trimester of pregnancy with lipid levels and pregnancy outcomes. Methods: Women who delivered babies at the Shanghai General Hospital between March 2019 and December 2019 with a known pregnancy outcome and complete data were included in the present study (n = 1779). A retrospective cohort study of all subjects with available first-trimester thyroid function testing and lipid levels data was conducted, and the relationship of thyroid function with lipid levels and pregnancy outcomes was evaluated...

PURPOSE: To compare the effects of different thyroid screening scenarios, using the universal and targeted high-risk case-finding approaches with different diagnostic tests on the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), thyroid autoimmunity, and pregnancy outcomes after adjustments for the intervention. METHODS: During a secondary analysis of data collected in Tehran Thyroid and Pregnancy Study, a total of 2277 women from the total population, including 1303 high-risk individuals for thyroid dysfunction...

BACKGROUND: Limited evidence exists on whether subclinical hypothyroidism suggested by mildly elevated TSH levels affect neurodevelopment and growth in preterm infants. The objective of this study was to determine the association between gestational age adjusted TSH percentiles and neurodevelopmental outcomes among preterm infants. METHODS: Univariate linear regression analysis was conducted to determine, in infants born less than thirty-two weeks gestational age, the correlation between the TSH percentile on the last newborn screen and neurodevelopmental assessment scores and growth outcomes at eighteen to twenty-two months of corrected age...

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) during pregnancy has been associated with multiple adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. However, the potential benefits of levothyroxine (LT4) supplementation remain controversial. Variations across studies in diagnostic criteria for SCH may, in part, explain the divergent findings on the subject. This study aimed to assess the effect of LT4 treatment on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women who were diagnosed as SCH based on the most recent diagnostic criteria...

OBJECTIVE: Evidence for the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction before conception and its pregnancy outcomes is inconsistent. Thus, we evaluated the relationship between preconception thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and adverse pregnancy outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: A total of 50,217 women without prior thyroid disease who became pregnant within 1 year after undertaking a routine TSH test in the Chongqing Municipality of China (2010-2016) were studied...