canine stem cell

Nanoparticles including extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells are of increasing interest for research and clinical use in regenerative medicine. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including also previously named exosomes, provide a promising cell-free tool for therapeutic applications, which is probably a safer approach to achieve sufficient healing. Storage of EVs may be necessary for clinical applications as well as for further experiments, as the preparation is sometimes laborious and larger quantities tend to be gained...

BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence underscores the responsiveness of the mammalian intestine to dietary cues, notably through the involvement of LGR5 + intestinal stem cells in orchestrating responses to diet-driven signals. However, the effects of high-fat diet (HFD) on these cellular dynamics and their impact on gut integrity remain insufficiently understood. Our study aims to assess the multifaceted interactions between palmitic acid (PA), cell proliferation, and the intestinal epithelial barrier using a canine colonoid model...

Mammary cancer is a frequent disease in female dogs, where a high proportion of cases correspond to malignant tumors that may exhibit drug resistance. Within the mammary tumor microenvironment, there is a cell subpopulation called cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are capable of forming spheres in vitro and resisting anti-tumor treatments, partly explaining the recurrence of some tumors. Previously, it has been described that spheres derived from canine mammary carcinoma cells CF41.Mg and REM 134 exhibit stemness characteristics...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a collective term for a group of chronic inflammatory enteropathies which are characterized by intestinal inflammation and persistent or frequent gastrointestinal signs. This disease affects more than 3.5 million humans worldwide and presents some similarities between animal species, in particular, dogs and cats. Although the underlying mechanism that triggers the disease is not yet well understood, the evidence suggests a multifactorial etiology implicating genetic causes, environmental factors, microbiota imbalance, and mucosa immune defects, both in humans and in dogs and cats...

This study aimed to compare the clinically established autologous extrasynovial tendon graft to a newly developed tissue-engineered allograft (Eng-allograft) in terms of functional outcomes following flexor tendon reconstruction in a canine model. The second and fifth flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendons from 16 dogs were transected and repaired in Zone II. After 6 weeks of cage activity, the repaired tendons were intentionally ruptured, creating a clinically relevant model for reconstruction. The re-ruptured FDP tendons were then reconstructed using either the clinically standard autologous extrasynovial tendon graft or the Eng-allograft, which had been revitalized with autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and synovialized using carbodiimide derivatized synovial fluid (cd-SYN)...

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has been actively applied in veterinary regenerative medicine to treat various canine and feline diseases. With increasing emphasis on safe cell-based therapies, evaluations of their tumorigenic potential are in great demand. However, a direct confirmation of whether tumors originate from stem cells or host cells is not easily achievable. Additionally, previous studies evaluating injections of high doses of MSCs into nude mice did not demonstrate tumor formation. Recent research focused on optimizing MSC-based therapies for veterinary patients, such as MSC-derived extracellular vesicles in treating different diseases...

INTRODUCTION: Canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cAD-MSCs) hold therapeutic promise due to their regenerative potential, particularly within their secretome. However, concerns arise regarding the impact of in vitro cultivation necessitated for storing therapeutic doses, prompting this study to comprehensively explore the impact of in vitro aging on gene expression and secretome composition. METHODS: The study involved collecting abdominal adipose tissue samples from nine healthy female dogs, from which cAD-MSCs were extracted and cultured...

Organoids are 3-dimensional (3D) self-assembled structures capable of replicating the microanatomy and physiology of the epithelial components of their organ of origin. Adult stem cell (ASC) derived organoids from the liver have previously been shown to differentiate into primarily mature cholangiocytes, and their partial differentiation into functional hepatocytes can be promoted using specific media compositions. While full morphological differentiation of mature hepatocytes from ASCs has not yet been reported for any species, the functional differentiation can be approximated using various media compositions...

Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles secreted by all cell types, including canine adipose-derived stem cells (cADSCs). By mediating intercellular communication, exosomes modulate the biology of adjacent and distant cells by transferring their cargo. In the present work after isolation and characterization of exosomes derived from canine adipose tissue, we treated the same canine donors affected by hepatopathies with the previously isolated exosomes. We hypothesize that cADSC-sourced miRNAs are among the factors responsible for a regenerative and anti-inflammatory effect in the treatment of hepatopathies in dogs, providing the clinical veterinary field with an effective and innovative cell-free therapy...

Replacement teeth develop from the successional dental lamina (SDL). Understanding how SDL transitions from quiescence to initiation is crucial for preserving dental lamina stem cells in the jawbone microenvironment and for complete tooth regeneration. Miniature pigs are good models for studying human tooth replacement because of their similarities to humans. However, the molecular mechanisms and cellular composition that initiate SDL development remain unclear. One possible reason for this is the limitations of the current methods for culturing SDL in vitro, such as the inability to directly observe tooth morphological changes during culture and low tissue viability...

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common sports injury, which causes knee instability and abnormal joint kinematics. The current ACL graft was single-phasic, and not convenient for the formation of enthesis-like tissue in the bone tunnel, resulting in poor integration of graft-to-bone. METHODS: A band-shaped acellular tendon (BAT) was prepared as the core component of the ACL reconstruction graft at first, while sleeve-shaped acellular cartilage (SAC) or sleeve-shaped acellular bone (SAB) was fabricated using a vacuum aspiration system (VAS)-based decellularization protocol...

OBJECTIVE: In regenerative biology, the most commonly used cells are adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs). This is due to the abundance and easy accessibility of AD-MSCs. METHODS: In this study, canine AD-MSCs were harvested from different anatomical locations, i.e., subcutaneous (SC), omental (OM), and perirenal (PR). Various isolation techniques namely explants (TRT-I), collagenase-digestion (TRT-II), collagenase-digested explants (TRT-III), and trypsin-digested explants (TRT-IV) were used to segregate the MSCs to evaluate cell doubling time, viability, and adipogenic/osteogenic lineage differentiation potential...

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common condition in veterinary medicine that is difficult to manage.Veterinary regenerative therapy based on adipose mesenchymal stem cells seem to be an effective strategy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. In this study, we evaluated therapeutic efficacy of canine Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs)in a rat TBI model, in terms of improved nerve function and anti-neuroinflammation. RESULTS: Canine AD-MSCs promoted neural functional recovery, reduced neuronal apoptosis, and inhibited the activation of microglia and astrocytes in TBI rats...

Adult mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are a standard component of de novo tissue generation to treat and study injury, disease, and degeneration. Canine patients constitute a major component of veterinary practice, and dogs share numerous pathologic conditions with humans. The relative abundance of adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) in various canine adipose tissue depots is well described. Refined isolation, characterization, and differentiation techniques contribute to the collective knowledge of ASC phenotypes and subpopulations for specific tissue targets...

BACKGROUND: Cell-based therapy has emerged as a promising avenue for post-stroke recovery. A significant challenge lies in tracking the distribution and engraftment of transplanted cells within the target cerebral tissue. To address this, we turn to the potential of Brain MRI detection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), achieved by labeling these cells with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO). This is the first report of a technique to label canine MSCs using a commercially available SPIO, Molday ION Rhodamine B (MIRB), to optimize both viability and labeling efficacy for transplantation purposes...

SUMMARY: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiographic density of the alveolar bone of the maxilla after extraction of the impacted canines and using the pulp tissue as an autogenous graft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study recruited 14 patients (8 females and 6 males) between 2021 and 2023, with an average age of 35 years. All participants had palatally impacted maxillary canines. The impacted teeth were extracted surgically. The extracted teeth were then used for autogenous grafting...

Simple and complex carcinomas are the most common type of malignant Canine Mammary Tumors (CMTs), with simple carcinomas exhibiting aggressive behavior and poorer prognostic. Stemness is an ability associated with cancer initiation, malignancy, and therapeutic resistance, but is still few elucidated in canine mammary tumor subtypes. Here, we first validated, using CMT samples, a previously published canine one-class logistic regression machine learning algorithm (OCLR) to predict stemness (mRNAsi) in canine cancer cells...

Domestic dogs have great potential to expand our understanding of the determinants of aging. To understand the aging pattern of domestic dogs and evaluate whether they can be used as an aging model, we performed RNA sequencing on white blood cells from domestic dogs aged 1-9 years and treated aged dogs with classical antiaging approaches. We obtained 30 RNA sequencing libraries and identified 61 age-associated genes with dynamic changes, the majority of which were related to metabolism and immune function, which may be predominant biomarkers for aging in dogs...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a major subtype of chronic enteropathies in dogs and cats. Conventional drugs such as immunomodulatory medicines as glucocorticoids and/or other anti-inflammatory are mainly applied for treatment. However, these drugs are not always effective to maintain remission from IBD and are limited by unacceptable side effects. Hence, more effective and safe therapeutic options need to be developed. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with a self-renewal capacity, and have immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and tissue repair properties...

The utmost aim of regenerative medicine is to promote the regeneration of injured tissues using stem cells. Amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (AmMSCs) have been used in several studies mainly because of their easy isolation from amniotic tissue post-partum and immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties, and the low level of rejection. These cells share characteristics of both embryonic/fetal and adult stem cells and are particularly advantageous because they do not trigger tumorigenic activity when injected into immunocompromised animals...