Phosphotidylcholine

Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) are toxic heavy metal compounds that induce liver fibrosis and metabolic disorders. Current research shows that the intestinal microbiota regulates liver metabolism through the gut-liver axis. However, it is unclear whether NiONPs affect the intestinal microbiota and the relationship between microbiota and liver metabolic disorders. Therefore, in this study, we established liver fibrosis model by administering 0.015, 0.06 and 0.24 mg/mL NiONPs through tracheal instillation twice a week for 9 weeks in rats, then we collected serum and fecal sample for whole metabolomics and metagenomic sequencing...

The issue of wound dressing adherence poses a substantial challenge in the field of wound care, with implications both clinically and economically. Overcoming this challenge requires the development of a hydrogel dressing that enables painless removal without causing any secondary damage. However, addressing this issue still remains a significant challenge that requires attention and further exploration. The present study is focused on the synthesis of hydrogel membranes based on κ-carrageenan (CG), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and soy lecithin (LC), which can provide superior antioxidant and antibacterial attachment properties with a tissue anti adhesion activity for allowing an easy removability without causing secondary damage...

In mass spectrometry-based lipidomics, complex lipid mixtures undergo chromatographic separation, are ionized, and are detected using tandem MS (MS n ) to simultaneously quantify and structurally characterize eluting species. The reported structural granularity of these identified lipids is strongly reliant on the analytical techniques leveraged in a study. For example, lipid identifications from traditional collisionally activated data-dependent acquisition experiments are often reported at either species level or molecular species level...

Physical inactivity is one of the leading causes of chronic metabolic disease including obesity. Increasing physical activity (PA) has been shown to improve cardiometabolic and musculoskeletal health and to be associated with a distinct gut microbiota composition in trained athletes. However, the impact of PA on the gut microbiota is inconclusive for individuals performing PA in their day-to-day life. This study examined the role of PA and hand-grip strength on gut microbiome composition in middle-aged adults (40-65 years, n = 350) with normal (18...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most prevelant malignancy in Europe and diet is an important modifiable risk factor. Processed meat consumption, including meats with preservative salts such as sodium nitrite, have been implicated in CRC pathogenesis. This study investigated how the CRC pathology and metabolic status of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) multiple intestinal neoplasia (min) mice was perturbed following 8 weeks of pork meat consumption. Dietary inclusions (15%) of either nitrite-free pork, nitrite-free sausage, or nitrite-containing sausage (frankfurter) were compared against a parallel control group (100% chow)...

Uterine fibroids (UF) is the most common (about 70% cases) type of gynecological disease, with the recurrence rate varying from 11 to 40%. Because UF has no distinct symptomatology and is often asymptomatic, the specific and sensitive diagnosis of UF as well as the assessment for the probability of UF recurrence pose considerable challenge. The aim of this study was to characterize alterations in the lipid profile of tissues associated with the first-time diagnosed UF and recurrent uterine fibroids (RUF) and to explore the potential of mass spectrometry (MS) lipidomics analysis of blood plasma samples for the sensitive and specific determination of UF and RUF with low invasiveness of analysis...

Fumonisins are mycotoxins produced by a number of species of Fusarium and Aspergillus . They are polyketides that possess a linear polyol structure with two tricarballylic acid side chains and an amine moiety. Toxicity results from their inhibition of Ceramide Synthase (CerS), which perturbs sphingolipid concentrations. The tricarballylic side chains and amine group of fumonisins are key molecular features responsible for inhibiting CerS, however their individual contributions toward overall toxicity are not fully understood...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex disease process that may contribute to temporary or permanent disability. Tracking spatial changes of lipids and metabolites in the brain helps unveil the underlying mechanisms of the disease procession and therapeutic response. Here, the liquid microjunction surface sampling technique was used for mass spectrometry imaging of both lipids and metabolites in rat models of controlled cortical impact with and without XueFu ZhuYu decoction treatment, and the work was focused on the diffuse changes outside the injured area at chronic phase (14 days after injury)...

Agrobacterium tumefaciens GW4 is a heterotrophic arsenite-oxidizing bacterium with a high resistance to arsenic toxicity. It is now a model organism for studying the processes of arsenic detoxification and utilization. Previously, we demonstrated that under low-phosphate conditions, arsenate [As(V)] could enhance bacterial growth and be incorporated into biomolecules, including lipids. While the basic microbial As(V) resistance mechanisms have been characterized, global metabolic responses under low phosphate remain largely unknown...

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Mechanical stress on sarcolemma can create small tears in the muscle cell membrane. Within the sarcolemma resides the multidomain dysferlin protein. Mutations in this protein render it unable to repair the sarcolemma and have been linked to muscular dystrophy. A key step in dysferlin-regulated repair is the binding of the C2A domain to the lipid membrane upon increased intracellular calcium. Mutations mapped to this domain cause loss of binding ability of the C2A domain. There is a crucial need to understand the geometry of dysferlin C2A at a membrane interface as well as cell membrane lipid reorientation when compared to that of a mutant...

BACKGROUND: Pyruvate oxidase (Pox) is an important enzyme in bacterial metabolism for increasing ATP production and providing a fitness advantage via hydrogen peroxide production. However, few Pox enzymes have been characterized from bacterial species. The tetrameric non-hydrogen-peroxide producing Pox from E. coli is activated by phospholipids, which is important for its function in vivo. RESULTS: We characterized the hydrogenperoxide-producing Pox from L. delbrueckii strain STYM1 and showed it is specifically activated by phosphotidylethanolamine (16:0-18:1), but not by phosphotidylcholine or phosphotidylglycerol...

Obesity has become an epidemic worldwide. It is a complex metabolic disorder associated with many serious complications and high morbidity. Rice bran is a nutrient-dense by product of the rice milling process. Asia has the world's highest rice production (90% of the world's rice production); therefore, rice bran is inexpensive in Asian countries. Moreover, the high nutritional value of the rice bran suggests its potential as a food supplement promoting health improvements, such as enhancing brain function, lowering blood pressure, and regulating pancreatic secretion...

Using the all-atom CHARMM36 force field, we have performed molecular dynamics simulations of the equimolar ternary dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC)/ N-palmitoylsphingomyelin (PSM)/cholesterol bilayer. Analysis of its structural and kinetic properties has led us to the following conclusions. First, the DMPC/PSM/cholesterol bilayer features favorable interactions of cholesterol with DMPC and, particularly, PSM lipids, which are supported by hydrogen bonds. In contrast, the interactions between cholesterol molecules are strongly suppressed...

Untargeted lipidomics is increasingly popular due to the broad coverage of lipid species. Data dependent MS/MS acquisition is commonly used in order to acquire sufficient information for confident lipid assignment. However, although lipids are identified based on MS/MS confirmation, a number of false positives are still observed. Here, we discuss several causes of introducing lipid false identifications in untargeted analysis. Phosphotidylcholines and cholesteryl esters generate in-source fragmentation to produce dimethylated phosphotidylethanolamine and free cholesterol...

Parenteral administration of Busulfan (BU) conquers the bioavailability and biovariability related issues of oral BU by maintaining the plasma drug concentration in therapeutic range with minimal fluctuations thereby significantly reducing the side effects. Busulfex® is the only commercially available parenteral formulation of BU composed of organic solvents N, N-dimethylacetamide and polyethylene glycol 400. Since, BU is highly susceptible to hydrolytic degradation; Busulfex® has poor physical and chemical stability in IV fluids...

The goal of this study is to evaluate endoscopic Raman spectroscopy as a noninvasive technique to determine histological inflammatory status of colitis. Colon mucosal composition was investigated in vivo from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and from age- and body mass index (BMI) matched controls using endoscope-coupled Raman spectroscopy. The results were co-registered with histological assessment of inflammatory status at the same locations. Substantial decreases (50-60%) in the content of phosphotidylcholines (PCs) and total lipids were observed in inflamed colon tissue (histology grade 1, 2 and 3) compared to those from the quiescent (histology grade 0) and from the controls...

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common type of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. In this study, we used matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MALDI-FTICR-MS) to perform lipidomic profiling of 5 MF tissue samples and 44 serum samples (22 from MF patients and 22 from control subjects). Multivariate statistical analysis of the mass spectral data showed that MF tissues had altered levels of seven lipids and MF sera had altered levels of twelve. Among these, six phosphotidylcholines, PC (34:2), PC (34:1), PC (36:3), PC (36:2), PC (32:0), and PC (38:4) and one sphingomyelin, SM (16:0) were altered in both MF tissues and sera...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present work was to prepare and evaluate a novel oral formulation for systemic delivery of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). The formulation consisted of Eudragit S 100-coated positively charged liposomes encapsulating LMWH and a penetration enhancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Positively charged liposomes were first prepared by the thin film hydration method using lipid (soy phosphotidylcholine and cholesterol) and stearyl amine (SA) in the optimum ratio of 16:1, along with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) as a penetration enhancer...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes persistent infections in the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Airway sputum contains various host-derived nutrients that can be utilized by P. aeruginosa, including phosphotidylcholine, a major component of host cell membranes. Phosphotidylcholine can be degraded by P. aeruginosa to glycerol and fatty acids to increase the availability of glycerol in the CF lung. In this study, we explored the role that glycerol metabolism plays in biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa. We report that glycerol metabolism promotes biofilm formation by both a chronic CF isolate (FRD1) and a wound isolate (PAO1) of P...