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Ana Rita G Magalhães, Marta B Santos, Pedro H Almeida, Ana Maria F Carvalho, Beatriz T Exposito
We present a clinical case of a 79-year-old male admitted to inpatient care for longstanding asthenia and respiratory symptoms. Associated features were polyserositis, multiple enlarged lymphatic nodules, acute kidney injury, and heart failure. The patient's recent medical history revealed SARS-CoV-2 vaccination a week prior and an upper respiratory tract infection. The laboratory results from thoracentesis were compatible with a transudate, with no immunological stain. Epstein-Barr virus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was positive...
March 2024: Curēus
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Costin, Daniel Fisher, Bethany Harper, Ramzi W Nahhas, John Sullenbarger
INTRODUCTION: Climate change is the single biggest health threat facing humanity, with direct and indirect impacts on mental health, yet health impacts of climate change remain notably absent from most medical school curricula. We describe a timely interactive educational session on climate change and mental health that was implemented and studied on a medical student clinical psychiatry rotation. METHODS: We developed a 1-hour introductory session on the mental health impacts of climate change and potential solutions...
2024: MedEdPORTAL Publications
#3
REVIEW
Xingdong Zeng, Yongle Cai, Mengyan Wu, Haonan Chen, Miao Sun, Hao Yang
The adverse use of alcohol is a serious global public health problem. Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy usually causes prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) in the developing fetus, leading to a spectrum of disorders known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and even fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) throughout the lifelong sufferers. The prevalence of FASD is approximately 7.7 per 1,000 worldwide, and is even higher in developed regions. Generally, Ethanol in alcoholic beverages can impair embryonic neurological development through multiple pathways leading to FASD...
April 20, 2024: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shengyi Liu, Zhen Cao, Zihua He, Wenyan Shi, Jinmei Li
INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy is the third most common neurological disorder in elderly people. Patients with epilepsy (PWEs) are more likely to have comorbidities. Social support is very important for PWEs. However, there are many gaps in the research on social support in older PWEs, especially the correlation between social support and comorbidities. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three hospitals in China. Social support was assessed using the Social Support Rate Scale...
April 18, 2024: Epilepsy & Behavior: E&B
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Massimo Filippi, Laura Ferrè, Chiara Zanetta, Caterina Rizzi, Gabriella Pessina, Francesco Assogna, Maria A Rocca
Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for multiple sclerosis (MS) reduce relapse frequency, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity, and slow disability progression. Numerous DMTs are approved for relapsing forms of MS although real-world data on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and quality of life (QoL) are needed to inform treatment choice. Immune reconstitution therapy with cladribine tablets is a highly effective treatment for relapsing MS (RMS). We present the protocol for an observational study to prospectively assess the effectiveness of cladribine tablets on clinical and MRI parameters as well as on PROs, including treatment satisfaction, QoL, sleep quality, self-perceived health, fatigue, and physical function...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lina Hahnle, Mathilda Mennen, Freedom Gumedze, Daniel Mutithu, Marguerite Adriaanse, Daniel Egan, Simthandile Mazondwa, Rochelle Walters, Lambert Tetteh Appiah, Francisca Inofomoh, Okechukwu Ogah, Olukemi Adekanmbi, Fastone Goma, Elijah Ogola, Kieran Mwazo, Ahmed Suliman, Kavita Singh, Lana Raspail, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Pablo Perel, Karen Sliwa, Ntobeko A B Ntusi
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 cardiovascular research from Africa is limited. This study describes cardiovascular risk factors, manifestations, and outcomes of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the African region, with an overarching goal to investigate whether important differences exist between African and other populations, which may inform health policies. METHODS: A multinational prospective cohort study was conducted on adults hospitalised with confirmed COVID-19, consecutively admitted to 40 hospitals across 23 countries, 6 of which were African countries...
2024: Global Heart
#7
REVIEW
Mark S Scher, Sonika Agarwal, Charu Venkatesen
Interdisciplinary fetal-neonatal neurology (FNN) training considers a woman's reproductive and pregnancy health histories when assessing the "four great neonatal neurological syndromes". This maternal-child dyad exemplifies the symptomatic neonatal minority, compared with the silent majority of healthy children who experience preclinical diseases with variable expressions over the first 1000 days. Healthy maternal reports with reassuring fetal surveillance testing preceded signs of fetal distress during parturition...
April 9, 2024: Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ann-Marie G de Lange, Esten H Leonardsen, Claudia Barth, Louise S Schindler, Arielle Crestol, Madelene C Holm, Sivaniya Subramaniapillai, Dónal Hill, Dag Alnæs, Lars T Westlye
Recent research shows prominent effects of pregnancy and the parenthood transition on structural brain characteristics in humans. Here, we present a comprehensive study of how parental status and number of children born/fathered links to markers of brain and cellular ageing in 36,323 UK Biobank participants (age range 44.57-82.06 years; 52% female). To assess global effects of parenting on the brain, we trained a 3D convolutional neural network on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images, and estimated brain age in a held-out test set...
April 2, 2024: Psychoneuroendocrinology
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simona Serra, Vittorio Iannotti, Margherita Ferrante, Miguel Tofiño-Vian, Joseph Baxendale, Gilad Silberberg, Thomas P Kohler, Sven Hammerschmidt, Andrew T Ulijasz, Federico Iovino
Bacterial meningitis, frequently caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), represents a substantial global health threat leading to long-term neurological disorders. This study focused on the cholesterol-binding toxin pneumolysin (PLY) released by pneumococci, specifically examining clinical isolates from patients with meningitis and comparing them to the PLY-reference S. pneumoniae strain D39. Clinical isolates exhibit enhanced PLY release, likely due to a significantly higher expression of the autolysin LytA...
April 19, 2024: IScience
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
José-Manuel Ramos-Rincón, Héctor Pinargote-Celorio, Pilar González-de-la-Aleja, José Sánchez-Payá, Sergio Reus, Juan-Carlos Rodríguez-Díaz, Esperanza Merino
BACKGROUND: Estimating the global influenza burden in terms of hospitalization and death is important for optimizing prevention policies. Identifying risk factors for mortality allows for the design of strategies tailored to groups at the highest risk. This study aims to (a) describe the clinical characteristics of hospitalizations with a diagnosis of influenza over five flu seasons (2016-2017 to 2020-2021), (b) assess the associated morbidity (hospitalization rates and ICU admissions rate), mortality and cost of influenza hospitalizations in different age groups and (c) analyze the risk factors for mortality...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jane Alty, Lynette R Goldberg, Eddy Roccati, Katherine Lawler, Quan Bai, Guan Huang, Aidan D Bindoff, Renjie Li, Xinyi Wang, Rebecca J St George, Kaylee Rudd, Larissa Bartlett, Jessica M Collins, Mimieveshiofuo Aiyede, Nadeeshani Fernando, Anju Bhagwat, Julia Giffard, Katharine Salmon, Scott McDonald, Anna E King, James C Vickers
BACKGROUND: Dementia prevalence is predicted to triple to 152 million globally by 2050. Alzheimer's disease (AD) constitutes 70% of cases. There is an urgent need to identify individuals with preclinical AD, a 10-20-year period of progressive brain pathology without noticeable cognitive symptoms, for targeted risk reduction. Current tests of AD pathology are either too invasive, specialised or expensive for population-level assessments. Cognitive tests are normal in preclinical AD...
April 16, 2024: BMC Neurology
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer A Frontera, Rebecca A Betensky, Liise-Anne Pirofski, Thomas Wisniewski, Hyunah Yoon, Mila B Ortigoza
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic systemic inflammation has been hypothesized to be a mechanistic factor leading to post-acute cognitive dysfunction after COVID-19. However, little data exist evaluating longitudinal inflammatory markers. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected from the CONTAIN randomized trial of convalescent plasma in patients hospitalized for COVID-19, including patients who completed an 18-month assessment of cognitive symptoms and PROMIS Global Health questionnaires...
May 2024: Neurology® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meghan R Hutch, Jiyeon Son, Trang T Le, Chuan Hong, Xuan Wang, Zahra Shakeri Hossein Abad, Michele Morris, Alba Gutiérrez-Sacristán, Jeffrey G Klann, Anastasia Spiridou, Ashley Batugo, Riccardo Bellazzi, Vincent Benoit, Clara-Lea Bonzel, William A Bryant, Lorenzo Chiudinelli, Kelly Cho, Priyam Das, Tomás González González, David A Hanauer, Darren W Henderson, Yuk-Lam Ho, Ne Hooi Will Loh, Adeline Makoudjou, Simran Makwana, Alberto Malovini, Bertrand Moal, Danielle L Mowery, Antoine Neuraz, Malarkodi Jebathilagam Samayamuthu, Fernando J Sanz Vidorreta, Emily R Schriver, Petra Schubert, Jeffery Talbert, Amelia L M Tan, Byorn W L Tan, Bryce W Q Tan, Valentina Tibollo, Patric Tippman, Guillaume Verdy, William Yuan, Paul Avillach, Nils Gehlenborg, Gilbert S Omenn, Shyam Visweswaran, Tianxi Cai, Yuan Luo, Zongqi Xia
Few studies examining the patient outcomes of concurrent neurological manifestations during acute COVID-19 leveraged multinational cohorts of adults and children or distinguished between central and peripheral nervous system (CNS vs. PNS) involvement. Using a federated multinational network in which local clinicians and informatics experts curated the electronic health records data, we evaluated the risk of prolonged hospitalization and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 21 healthcare systems across 7 countries...
April 2024: PLOS Digit Health
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emil K Gustavsson, Jordan Follett, Joanne Trinh, Sandeep K Barodia, Raquel Real, Zhiyong Liu, Melissa Grant-Peters, Jesse D Fox, Silke Appel-Cresswell, A Jon Stoessl, Alex Rajput, Ali H Rajput, Roland Auer, Russel Tilney, Marc Sturm, Tobias B Haack, Suzanne Lesage, Christelle Tesson, Alexis Brice, Carles Vilariño-Güell, Mina Ryten, Matthew S Goldberg, Andrew B West, Michele T Hu, Huw R Morris, Manu Sharma, Ziv Gan-Or, Bedia Samanci, Pawel Lis, Maria Teresa Periñan, Rim Amouri, Samia Ben Sassi, Faycel Hentati, Francesca Tonelli, Dario R Alessi, Matthew J Farrer
BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with multifactorial causes, among which genetic risk factors play a part. The RAB GTPases are regulators and substrates of LRRK2, and variants in the LRRK2 gene are important risk factors for Parkinson's disease. We aimed to explore genetic variability in RAB GTPases within cases of familial Parkinson's disease. METHODS: We did whole-exome sequencing in probands from families in Canada and Tunisia with Parkinson's disease without a genetic cause, who were recruited from the Centre for Applied Neurogenetics (Vancouver, BC, Canada), an international consortium that includes people with Parkinson's disease from 36 sites in 24 countries...
April 10, 2024: Lancet Neurology
#15
REVIEW
Shuhui Wu, Ting Zhang, Weidong Qiang, Yang Yang
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) pose significant threats to global public health by causing a spectrum of diseases ranging from mild febrile illnesses to severe neurological complications. Understanding the intricate interplay between arboviruses and the immune system within the central nervous system is crucial for developing effective strategies to combat these infections and mitigate their neurological sequelae. This review comprehensively explores the mechanisms by which arboviruses such as Zika virus, West Nile virus, and Dengue virus manipulate immune responses within the CNS, leading to diverse clinical manifestations...
May 2024: Reviews in Medical Virology
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rumi S Bhattacharjee, Riya J Shah, Nitin S Raithatha, Mamta R Patel
BACKGROUND: Despite recent advances in medicine, the incidence of pre-term birth is increasing globally. Approximately 70% of neonatal deaths, 36% of infant deaths, and 25-50% of cases of neurological impairment in children can be attributed to pre-term births. Identification of risk factors in women, supervised obstetric care during pregnancy, female empowerment, and patient education are strategies to minimize the burden of preterm deliveries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over a 1-year period among 658 women in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pramukhswami Medical College, Anand, Gujarat...
February 2024: Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
BACKGROUND: The burden of neurological conditions in north Africa and the Middle East is increasing. We aimed to assess the changes in the burden of neurological conditions in this super-region to aid with future decision making. METHODS: In this analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 data, we examined temporal trends of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; deaths and disabilities combined), deaths, incident cases, and prevalent cases of 14 major neurological conditions and eight subtypes in 21 countries in the north Africa and the Middle East super-region...
April 8, 2024: Lancet Global Health
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
N Sai Venkata Sarath Chandra, Zhiwei Xu
Globally, occupational workers suffer various health impacts due to extreme heat. In this short review, we examined the literature discussing health impacts of heat on occupational workers, and then discussed certain individual and institutional measures needed to address the problem. Though the available literature in the recent decade discusses health impacts of heat on workers as various heat-related illnesses, we found very few studies examining how occupational workers suffer from issues concerning cardiovascular health, neurological health, respiratory health, and mental health...
April 11, 2024: Journal of Occupational Health
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bingkai Ren, Junwei Kang, Yan Wang, Xiangqiang Meng, Ying Huang, Yang Bai, Zhen Feng
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its resulting complications pose a major challenge to global public health, resulting in increased rates of disability and mortality. Cerebrovascular dysfunction is nearly universal in TBI cases and is closely associated with secondary injury after TBI. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) shows great potential in the treatment of TBI; however, the exact mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we performed in vivo and in vitro experiments to explore the effects and mechanisms of tDCS in a controlled cortical impact (CCI) rat model simulating TBI...
April 5, 2024: Aging
#20
REVIEW
Xing-Yu Zhang, Ping-Ping Han, Yi-Ning Zhao, Xin-Ya Shen, Xia Bi
Stroke represents a significant threat to global human health, characterized by high rates of morbidity, disability, and mortality. Predominantly, strokes are ischemic in nature. Ischemic stroke (IS) is influenced by various cell death pathways, notably autophagy and ferroptosis. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted the interplay between autophagy and ferroptosis, a process likely driven by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Post-IS, either the inhibition of autophagy or its excessive activation can escalate ROS levels...
April 15, 2024: Heliyon
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