karnataka

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BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES: Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD) is a tick-borne, zoonotic viral hemorrhagic fever, previously known to be endemic to the state of Karnataka, India. The first outbreak of KFD in Goa state was reported in the Sattari taluka, in North Goa in 2015. This study aimed to investigate the outbreak and report the clinical manifestations and risk factors in people diagnosed with KFD. METHODS: A mixed methods approach was used, which included a case series report and 19 in-depth interviews (IDIs) conducted with people diagnosed with KFD...

BACKGROUND: In August 2023, the BA.2.86 SARS-CoV-2 variant, with over 30 spike protein mutations, emerged amidst the global dominance of XBB sub-lineages. It evolved into JN.1 by late 2023, spreading across 71 countries. JN.1, distinct for its L455S mutation, significantly dominated global sequences, raising concerns over its transmission and clinical impact. The study investigates JN.1's clinical severity and its effect on hospital admissions in Maharashtra, India. METHODOLOGY: The present study involved 3,150 curated Indian SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequences with collection dates between 1st August 2023 and 15th January 2024...

BACKGROUND: Lichen is a symbiotic association of algae and fungi, recognized as a self-sustaining ecosystem that constitutes an indeterminant number of bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, and protozoa. We evaluated the endolichenic fungal assemblage given the dearth of knowledge on endolichenic fungi (ELFs), particularly from part of the Central Western Ghats, Karnataka, and conducted a phylogenetic analysis of xylariaceous fungi, the most diversified group of fungi using ITS and ITS+Tub2 gene set...

BACKGROUND: Children form the most vulnerable strata of the society and the tobacco industry is known to target them. Article 16 of the Framework Convention of Tobacco Control (FCTC) calls for prohibition of tobacco sales to and by minors. Although interventions to stop such sales are based on sound science, it is widely acknowledged that many countries find implementation, full of challenges. In India, sales near educational institutions are banned by law, Section 6b of the Cigarettes & Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA)...

Meningiomas present diverse clinical and radiological characteristics, with cystic formations constituting a lesser subset but posing significant diagnostic hurdles. We explore the complexities of cystic meningiomas through a distinctive case, highlighting the challenges in diagnosis and management due to their variable presentations. A 54-year-old female from Bengaluru, Karnataka, initially presented with transient memory disturbances. Brain MRI revealed a sizable left frontal cystic lesion exerting a mass effect and midline shift...

An estimated 52% of non-pregnant women of reproductive age in India are estimated to be affected by anaemia, which is categorised as a chronic condition. In 2019-2021, the National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5) which was undertaken revealed the following statistics about the prevalence of anaemia in the state of Karnataka. To estimate haemoglobin levels using non-invasive portable device among nursing students. A cross sectional study was done among students of Nursing college in central Karnataka for a period of 3 months...

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Breast cancer is one of the significant causes of mortality in India, ranking second only to cervical cancer among women. Annually, the country has witnessed the detection of 200,000 new cases, with 60% identified in the early stages. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a health education intervention program designed to enhance knowledge about breast cancer among women in rural Karnataka. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive study design was employed and a total of 320 women were selected through multi-stage sampling...

CONTEXT: Adolescent suicides are a significant public health concern in India and understanding the intersecting perspectives becomes imperative for the prevention of various mental health concerns. AIM: Assessing perceptions of various key stakeholders, that is, mental health experts, school and college teachers, and District Mental Health Program staff about peer-led strength building programs for suicide prevention. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A cross-sectional qualitative design using two Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with mental health experts and teachers and one FGD with DMHP staff was conducted...

Agroforestry is a management strategy for mitigating the negative impacts of climate and adapting to sustainable farming systems. The successful implementation of agroforestry strategies requires that climate risks are appropriately assessed. The spatial scale, a critical determinant influencing climate impact assessments and, subsequently, agroforestry strategies, has been an overlooked dimension in the literature. In this study, climate risk impacts on robusta coffee production were investigated at different spatial scales in coffee-based agroforestry systems across India...

Increasing competition in healthcare services, it is imperative that physicians and family-care practitioners seek ways to attract and retain patients. Building relationships with existing patients is one sure way to continued patronage and increased clientele. The purpose of this paper is to examine antecedents of rapport and its influence on perceived relationships in the context of patient-physician interaction. Study using cross-sectional survey method with structured questionnaire was used for data collection...

Chia (Salvia hispanica L., Lamiaceae) is an important commercial and medicinal crop recently popularized in India and widely cultivated in Karnataka (Joy et al., 2022). During the field survey of chia crop diseases, characteristic virescence like symptoms were observed at Main Agricultural Research Station, UAS, Raichur as well as at Mysuru and HD Kote region. The incidence was ranged from 2 - 4 per cent in an area of 30 hectares. Typical symptoms associated with chia are malformed shoot and/or inflorescence axis with reduced floral parts with greenish florets...

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of sarcopenia is concerningly high in long-term care settings (LTCS); yet, no exercise programs specifically targeting older adults living in residential care are available. OBJECTIVE: The goal of the present study was to co-design and validate a program named Reablement Strategies targeting Sarcopenia (ReStart-S) for older long-term care residents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study with an exploratory phase. SETTINGS: LTCS in Udupi, Karnataka, India...

BACKGROUND: Efficient allocation of healthcare resources requires a comprehensive evaluation of healthcare spending and its impact on disease burden. This study aims to estimate the costs-per disability-adjusted life years (DALY) in India. Data from 2010 to 2019 on DALYs and health expenditure per capita (HEp) for individual states in India were utilised. DESIGN AND METHODS: We followed the CHEERS statement 2022 to present our study's methodology and outcomes. Pearson's product-moment correlations were used to analyse associations between DALYs and HEp...

BACKGROUND: Compliance with diet, exercise regimen, and medication is vital to maintain an acceptable range of blood pressure and glycemic level among elderly with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. However, these are considered to be more challenging tasks among elderly. The aim of this study is to identify dietary and exercise compliance among elderly with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus and to find its influencing factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The community-based survey was done in rural areas of five randomly selected clusters of primary health centers (PHC) using PPS sampling technique...

A global health human resource crisis has intensified the need for innovative education programs to maximize the supply of nurses worldwide. In response to the current and anticipated shortage of nurses globally, a novel collaborative undergraduate nursing program was developed at the University of New Brunswick in Fredericton, NB, and Manipal Academy of Higher Education in Karnataka, India. The resulting dual degree model is shaped by the contexts of the participating countries and current activities related to the international recruitment and migration of registered nurses...

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) presents economic challenges in enzootic countries impacting small ruminant productivity. The state of Karnataka, India, implemented a mass vaccination campaign in alignment with the PPR-Global Eradication Programme (GEP) and the National Strategic Plan for PPR eradication. This study was conducted from January to March 2023 to assess seroconversion in post-vaccinated goats and sheep at the epidemiological unit (epi-unit) level, aligning with the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) guidelines in the PPR Global Control and Eradication Strategy (GCES)...

PURPOSE: Desmoid fibromatosis in head and neck is infrequent and poses a significant challenge to the clinicians due to its non-specific characteristics. METHODS: This case report focuses on a 69-year-old male who presented to a tertiary healthcare center in Karnataka, India with a swelling in the oral cavity. RESULTS: Despite initial suspicions of malignancy based on clinical examination and findings on computed tomography imaging, subsequent histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed an unexpected finding...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge and perceptions of midwifery students regarding a midwifery-led model of care. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: A nursing college in North Karnataka, India. The midwifery-led care model is a relatively new concept in India. In 2018, guidelines on midwifery services in India were released during the Partners Forum held in New Delhi as the initiation of the model and with the support of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare...

BACKGROUND: Antibiotics are frequently utilized in livestock, particularly poultry, for therapy and growth promotion, resulting in antimicrobial resistance. Multidrug-resistant bacteria are frequent in poultry samples from India. The purpose of this study was to better understand main antibiotic consumption patterns in poultry value chains, as well as antibiotic knowledge and practices among the stakeholders. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Assam and Karnataka, India...