keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487881/the-strength-of-the-oh-bend-oh-stretch-fermi-resonance-in-small-water-clusters
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nils O B Lüttschwager
A novel Raman jet-spectrometer is used to study the Fermi resonance between the OH bending overtone and OH stretching fundamental in small cyclic water clusters (H2 O) n with n = 3, 4, 5. The new setup features a recirculating vacuum system which reduces the gas consumption by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude and enables long-term measurements of very weak Raman signals. Raman spectra measured from highly diluted expansions with unprecedented signal-to-noise ratio are presented and cluster-specific intensity ratios and effective coupling constants are derived using Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo methods, yielding a high probability for an almost "perfect" resonance for the tetramer and pentamer, i...
March 15, 2024: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics: PCCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38439319/photoelectron-jets-and-interference-structures-in-ionization-beyond-dipole-approximation-carrier-envelope-phase-effects-and-vortex-streets
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M C Suster, J Derlikiewicz, J Z Kamiński, K Krajewska
We have analyzed photoelectron jet formation in strong-field ionization using the hydrodynamic picture of quantum mechanics. We showed that von-Kármán-like vortex streets emerge in between jets in photoelectron momentum distributions. The spatial orientation of the jets can be controlled by tailoring the carrier-envelope phase of the driving laser pulse. This indicates that it is possible to experimentally measure emitted photoelectrons off the optical axis, which opens up new possibilities for high-frequency laser pulse diagnostics...
February 12, 2024: Optics Express
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38437304/multiline-molecular-tagging-velocimetry-of-nitric-oxide-at-100%C3%A2-%C3%A2-khz-using-an-injection-seeded-burst-mode-opo
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Neil S Rodrigues, Naibo Jiang, Paul Hsu, Sukesh Roy, Paul M Danehy
An injection-seeded, burst-mode optical parametric oscillator (OPO) operating at a repetition rate of 100 kHz is used to demonstrate the multiline molecular tagging velocimetry of an underexpanded jet using nitric oxide fluorescence. The very narrow linewidth of the OPO system, along with the relatively high pulse energies of the burst-mode system, enables efficient single-photon excitation of nitric oxide along multiple laser beam lines at a high repetition rate. Simultaneous one-dimensional velocity profile measurements were obtained of an underexpanded jet system at six different locations using a reference initial image and single-shot delayed images...
February 10, 2024: Applied Optics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38437297/multi-depth-focused-laser-differential-interferometer-based-on-chromatic-aberration
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas Webber, Rachel Constantin, Sophia Edwards, Mark Gragston
A modified version of focused laser differential interferometry (FLDI) is demonstrated with adjacent beam pairs distributed along the optical axis. This feature is accomplished using two different wavelengths of light in the interferometer and accounting for the chromatic aberration of the lenses in the optical setup. It is demonstrated that ray trace calculations can be modified to predict the focal points of each of the two different colored beams, and experiments using a tube jet and a laser-induced blast wave show the instrument still has the expected features of an FLDI as well as continued capability for velocimetry...
February 10, 2024: Applied Optics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38410278/a-miniaturized-wireless-micropump-enabled-by-confined-acoustic-streaming
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rui You, Qian Fan, Zilun Wang, Wenqiang Xing, Yuchuan Wang, Yi Song, Xuexin Duan, Rui You, Yan Wang
Miniaturization of health care, biomedical, and chemical systems is highly desirable for developing point-of-care testing (POCT) technologies. In system miniaturization, micropumps represent one of the major bottlenecks due to their undesirable pumping performance at such small sizes. Here, we developed a microelectromechanical system fabricated acoustic micropump based on an ultrahigh-frequency bulk acoustic wave resonator. The concept of an inner-boundary-confined acoustic jet was introduced to facilitate unidirectional flow...
2024: Research: a science partner journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38399243/in-vivo-deposition-of-high-flow-nasal-aerosols-using-breath-enhanced-nebulization
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeyanthan Jayakumaran, Gerald C Smaldone
Aerosol delivery using conventional nebulizers with fixed maximal output rates is limited and unpredictable under high-flow conditions. This study measured regulated aerosol delivery to the lungs of normal volunteers using a nebulizer designed to overcome the limitations of HFNC therapy ( i-AIRE (InspiRx, Inc., Somerset, NJ, USA)). This breath-enhanced jet nebulizer, in series with the high-flow catheter, utilizes the high flow to increase aerosol output beyond those of conventional devices. Nine normal subjects breathing tidally via the nose received humidified air at 60 L/min...
January 28, 2024: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38375260/a-novel-method-for-the-natural-frequency-estimation-of-the-jet-engine-turbine-blades-based-on-its-dimensions
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miroslav Spodniak, Michal Hovanec, Peter Korba
This study provides a novel methodology for the natural frequency estimation of the jet engine turbine blade by using the dimension check. This paper presents a summarization of the ongoing research devoted to the method for the turbine blade natural frequency estimation. The main target of the research presented in the paper is to develop a novel method that can calculate the natural frequency of a particular turbine blade by using the dimensions of investigated turbine blade from a dimension check. This goal is achieved by the combination and interaction of several methods as for instance computed aided design (CAD) finite element modelling (FEM), artificial neural network (ANN) and others...
February 29, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38353454/editorial-comment-leveling-the-playing-field-in-percutaneous-cryoablation-of-lung-tumors-using-high-frequency-jet-ventilation
#8
COMMENT
Jonathan J Keung
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 14, 2024: AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38347045/comparative-assessment-of-direct-and-indirect-cold-atmospheric-plasma-effects-based-on-helium-and-argon-on-human-glioblastoma-an-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-study
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahdiyeh Bakhtiyari-Ramezani, Mojtaba Nohekhan, Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari, Fereshteh Abbasvandi, Mahdis Bayat, Atieh Akbari, Meysam Nasiri
Recent research has highlighted the promising potential of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in cancer therapy. However, variations in study outcomes are attributed to differences in CAP devices and plasma parameters, which lead to diverse compositions of plasma products, including electrons, charged particles, reactive species, UV light, and heat. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the optimal exposure time, duration, and direction-dependent cellular effects of two CAPs, based on argon and helium gases, on glioblastoma U-87 MG cancer cells and an animal model of GBM...
February 13, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38341738/evolution-of-acoustic-nonlinearity-in-outdoor-blast-propagation-from-firearms-on-the-persistence-of-nonlinear-behavior
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guido Billot, Benoît G Marinus, Kristof Harri, Francis Moiny
Acoustic events exceeding a certain threshold of intensity cannot benefit from a linearization of the governing wave equation, posing an additional burden on the numerical modelling. Weak shock theory associates nonlinearity with the generation of high frequency harmonics that compensate for atmospheric attenuation. Overlooking the persistence of this phenomenon at large distances can lead to mispredictions in gun detection procedures, noise abatement protocols, and auditory risk assessment. The state-of-the-art mostly addresses aircraft jet noise, a stationary and largely random type of signal...
February 1, 2024: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38341524/influence-of-the-argon-admixture-on-the-reactive-oxide-species-formation-inside-an-atmospheric-pressure-oxygen-plasma-jet
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ali Barkhordari, Saeed Karimian, Sajedeh Shahsavari, Dorota Krawczyk, Antonio Rodero
In this work, a new atmospheric pressure plasma generated in a wire-to-multiwire dielectric barrier discharge on pure oxygen is introduced. This special geometry of 13 wires (one central wire and 12 ones on the external tube) is feeding by a radio frequency (RF) power (13.56 MHz, 1 kW) and produces a stable discharge. The capacity of this device to produce oxygen reactive species and the influence of Ar gas mixture (1-3%) on this production are investigated. The main characteristics of this DBD plasma are measured using optical emission spectroscopy techniques...
February 10, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38309959/-standard-technical-specifications-for-methacholine-chloride-methacholine-bronchial-challenge-test-2023
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
The methacholine challenge test (MCT) is a standard evaluation method of assessing airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and its severity, and has significant clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma. A consensus working group consisting of experts from the Pulmonary Function and Clinical Respiratory Physiology Committee of the Chinese Association of Chest Physicians, the Task Force for Pulmonary Function of the Chinese Thoracic Society, and the Pulmonary Function Group of Respiratory Branch of the Chinese Geriatric Society jointly developed this consensus...
February 12, 2024: Chinese Journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38305095/oscillating-high-aspect-ratio-micro-channels-can-effectively-atomize-liquids-into-uniform-aerosol-droplets-and-dial-their-size-on-demand
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nguyen Hoai An Le, Jason Brenker, Abanoub Shenoda, Zara Sheikh, Jackson Gum, Hui Xin Ong, Daniela Traini, Tuncay Alan
Ultrasonic atomization of liquids into micrometer-diameter droplets is crucial across multiple fields, ranging from drug delivery, to spectrometry and printing. Controlling the size and uniformity of the generated droplets on-demand is crucial in all these applications. However, existing systems lack the required precision to tune the droplet properties, and the underlying droplet formation mechanism under high-frequency ultrasonic actuation remains poorly understood due to experimental constraints. Here, we present an atomization platform, which overcomes these current limitations...
February 2, 2024: Lab on a Chip
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38296376/noninvasive-ventilation
#14
REVIEW
Rangasamy Ramanathan, Manoj Biniwale
Systematic Reviews and Randomized clinical trials have shown that the use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) compared to invasive mechanical ventilation reduces the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and or mortality. Most commonly used NIV modes include nasal continuous positive airway pressure, bi-phasic modes, such as, bi-level positive airway pressure, nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation, high flow nasal cannula, noninvasive neurally adjusted ventilatory assist, and nasal high frequency ventilation are discussed in this review...
March 2024: Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38281692/advancements-in-transdermal-drug-delivery-a-comprehensive-review-of-physical-penetration-enhancement-techniques
#15
REVIEW
Sachin S Gaikwad, Abhijit L Zanje, Jeevan D Somwanshi
Transdermal drug administration has grown in popularity in the pharmaceutical research community due to its potential to improve drug bioavailability, compliance among patients, and therapeutic effectiveness. To overcome the substantial barrier posed by the stratum corneum (SC) and promote drug absorption within the skin, various physical penetration augmentation approaches have been devised. This review article delves into popular physical penetration augmentation techniques, which include sonophoresis, iontophoresis, magnetophoresis, thermophoresis, needle-free injection, and microneedles (MNs) Sonophoresis is a technique that uses low-frequency ultrasonic waves to break the skin's barrier characteristics, therefore improving drug transport and distribution...
March 5, 2024: International Journal of Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38264999/high-frequency-jet-ventilation-versus-spontaneous-respiration-for-percutaneous-cryoablation-of-lung-tumors-comparison-of-adverse-events-and-procedural-efficiency
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander Graur, Nathaniel D Mercaldo, Judit Simon, Cagatay Alici, Jonathan A Saenger, Alexis M Cahalane, Rafael Vazquez, Florian J Fintelmann
Background: High-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) facilitates accurate probe placement in percutaneous ablation of lung tumors but may increase risk for adverse events, including systemic air embolism. Objective: To compare major adverse events and procedural efficiency of percutaneous lung ablation with HFJV under general anesthesia to spontaneous respiration (SR) under moderate sedation. Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive adults who underwent CT-guided percutaneous cryoablation of one or more lung tumors with HFJV or SR from January 1, 2017, to May 31, 2023...
January 24, 2024: AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38230986/highly-efficient-fabrication-of-biomimetic-nanoscaled-tendrils-for-high-performance-pm-0-3-air-filters
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tienan Zhao, Yuanqiang Xu, Mengwei Wu, Ying Li, Jiajia Ma, Hui Li, Yuansheng Zheng, Yongchun Zeng
Particulate matter pollution has become a serious public health issue, especially with the outbreak of new infectious diseases. However, most existing air filtration materials face challenges such as being too bulky, having high resistance, and a trade-off between filtration efficiency and air permeability. Here, a unique electro-blown spinning technique is used to prepare an air filter made of biomimetic nanoscaled tendril nonwovens (Nano-TN). The introduction of an airflow field significantly increases the whipping frequency and the strain mismatch of composite jets, achieving large-scale and highly efficient preparation of Nano-TN...
January 17, 2024: Nano Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38219043/fluidic-ultrasound-generation-for-non-destructive-testing
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin Bühling, Stefan Maack, Christoph Strangfeld
Air-coupled ultrasonic testing (ACU) is a pioneering technique in non-destructive testing (NDT). While contact testing and fluid immersion testing are standard methods in many applications, the adoption of ACU is progressing slowly, especially in the low ultrasonic frequency range. A main reason for this development is the difficulty of generating high amplitude ultrasonic bursts with equipment that is robust enough to be applied outside a laboratory environment. This paper presents the fluidic ultrasonic transducer as a solution to this challenge...
January 14, 2024: Advanced Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38198806/-bacterial-load-of-the-surroundings-during-rigid-diagnostic-bronchoscopy-under-high-frequency-jet-ventilation
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eva Luecke, Juliane Brunner, Sabine Stegemann-Koniszewski, Achim Kaasch, Katja Bauer, Gernot Geginat, Thomas Hachenberg, Thomas Schilling, Lisa-Lisett Schwarze, Jens Schreiber
BACKGROUND: High-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) is used in pneumological endoscopy for rigid, diagnostic, and therapeutic bronchoscopies. It is unclear to what extent the unobstructed flow of respiratory gas from the patient's lungs causes microbial contamination of the surrounding air. MATERIAL AND METHODS: After the start of the HFJV (15 min) in 16 rigid bronchoscopies, airborne pathogen measurements were taken directly at the distal endoscope outlet, at examiner height (40 cm above the endoscope outlet), at a 2 m distance from the endoscope in the room and at the supply air outlet of the examination room using an RCS air sampler...
January 10, 2024: Pneumologie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38189806/electronic-spectra-of-jet-cooled-1-4-bis-phenylethynyl-benzene-strength-in-%C3%AF-electron-conjugation-and-two-large-amplitude-torsional-motions
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryoko Suzuki, Kohei Chiba, Sei'ichi Tanaka, Katsuhiko Okuyama
To spectroscopically qualify strength in the π-electron conjugation, the electronic spectra of jet-cooled 1,4-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene (BPEB) in the region of the transition to the lowest excited singlet (S1) 1B1u state are measured by the fluorescence excitation and the single-vibronic-level dispersed fluorescence methods. Strength is defined as the difference in potential energies between the planar and perpendicular conformations. BPEB possesses two large-amplitude torsional motions, out-of-phase 24 and in-phase 29 modes...
January 14, 2024: Journal of Chemical Physics
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