keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491949/new-records-of-three-parasitoids-pteroptrix-chinensis-aphytis-hispanicus-and-marlattiella-prima-hymenoptera-aphelinidae-associated-with-an-exotic-scale-lopholeucaspis-japonica-hemiptera-diaspididae-in-tennessee
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Johnson Alfred Daniel, James B Woolley, Karla M Addesso
A survey for parasitoids of Lopholeucaspis japonica Cockerell (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), an exotic scale of woody ornamentals, resulted in the discovery of 3 species of aphelinid parasitoid wasps, Pteroptrix chinensis (Howard), Aphytis hispanicus (Mercet), and Marlattiella prima Howard. This serves as the first report of these parasitoids reared from a host in the state of Tennessee, USA. Despite routine pesticide applications in the surveyed nursery and directed treatments of the infested plants to control the scale outbreak, the percentage of parasitized scale in privet and euonymus shrubs averaged 7...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Insect Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491946/a-compact-reprogrammed-genetic-code-for-de-novo-discovery-of-proteolytically-stable-thiopeptides
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander A Vinogradov, Yue Zhang, Keisuke Hamada, Shunsuke Kobayashi, Kazuhiro Ogata, Toru Sengoku, Yuki Goto, Hiroaki Suga
Thiopeptides make up a group of structurally complex peptidic natural products holding promise in bioengineering applications. The previously established thiopeptide/mRNA display platform enables de novo discovery of natural product-like thiopeptides with designed bioactivities. However, in contrast to natural thiopeptides, the discovered structures are composed predominantly of proteinogenic amino acids, which results in low metabolic stability in many cases. Here, we redevelop the platform and demonstrate that the utilization of compact reprogrammed genetic codes in mRNA display libraries can lead to the discovery of thiopeptides predominantly composed of nonproteinogenic structural elements...
March 16, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491930/epilepsy-as-a-cause-of-burns-our-experience-in-ain-shams-university-burn-unit
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amr Mabrouk, Mai Raafat Hammad, Adel Mabrouk, Mohamed Samir Badawy
Lack of patient education, unaffordable or inaccessible medications, especially in low- and middle-income countries such as Egypt, leave patients with epilepsy at a higher risk of suffering burn-related injuries especially with the unpredictable nature of seizures, which leads to accidental burns. We present this study to investigate all epileptic patients in which seizures were involved in the burn injury who presented to the Ain Shams University Burn Unit from January 2019 to July 2022, examining the epidemiology and outcome...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Burn Care & Research: Official Publication of the American Burn Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491841/luxenburger-s-1939-essay-on-schizophrenia-and-its-hereditary-circle
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kenneth S Kendler, Astrid Klee
In 1939, Hans Luxenburger published a detailed overview of the current status of schizophrenia genetics research, reaching six major conclusions. First, schizophrenia is clearly a hereditary disease. Second, however, schizophrenia is not the hereditary trait itself but rather the consequences of a slowly developing biological progress, the nature of which remains entirely unknown. Third, the full manifestation of the disorder requires certain environmental influences that must come into play. In around 30% of cases, the environment can inhibit hereditary factors so that the predisposition does not manifest in schizophrenia...
March 16, 2024: American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491758/postmortem-chondrocyte-viability-in-porcine-articular-cartilage-influence-of-time-temperature-and-burial-under-winter-conditions
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marko Cvetko, Tanja Knific, Robert Frangež, Helena Motaln, Boris Rogelj, Armin Alibegović, Mitja Gombač
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of time, temperature, and burial in a natural environment on the viability of chondrocytes in porcine femoral condyles using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Hind trotters from 10 pigs were buried or left unburied. Samples were collected daily and stained with a combination of vital dyes (calcein-AM and ethidium homodimer-1). The chondrocytes showed an intense staining corresponding to their vitality. In the first 3 days, viability decreased slowly and showed no statistical difference between buried and unburied samples...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Forensic Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491735/re-evaluating-patient-communication-and-care-in-angiographically-negative-subarachnoid-hemorrhage-balancing-realism-and-optimism
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Khosdelazad, Jacoba M Spikman, Sofie Solvang, Marieke J H Wermer, Niall Pender, Lieke S Jorna, Sandra E Rakers, Anouk van der Hoorn, Mohsen Javadpour, Rob J M Groen, Anne M Buunk
Angiographically negative subarachnoid hemorrhage (anSAH) has traditionally been considered a benign condition, mainly because of favorable outcomes in the acute stage in comparison to the often negative acute outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, a growing body of research in recent years shows that anSAH often leads to cognitive impairments, emotional distress, and difficulties in resuming work or other daily life activities. Therefore, in this position paper, we call for a change in neurological care and a shift in patient communication, emphasizing the importance of addressing patient needs and fostering realistic expectations rather than solely focusing on the benign nature of the condition...
March 15, 2024: European Journal of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491519/the-rise-of-big-data-deep-sequencing-driven-computational-methods-are-transforming-the-landscape-of-synthetic-antibody-design
#27
REVIEW
Eugenio Gallo
Synthetic antibodies (Abs) represent a category of artificial proteins capable of closely emulating the functions of natural Abs. Their in vitro production eliminates the need for an immunological response, streamlining the process of Ab discovery, engineering, and development. These artificially engineered Abs offer novel approaches to antigen recognition, paratope site manipulation, and biochemical/biophysical enhancements. As a result, synthetic Abs are fundamentally reshaping conventional methods of Ab production...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Biomedical Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491511/cancer-associated-fibroblast-secreted-fgf7-as-an-ovarian-cancer-progression-promoter
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Songwei Feng, Bo Ding, Zhu Dai, Han Yin, Yue Ding, Sicong Liu, Ke Zhang, Hao Lin, Zhongdang Xiao, Yang Shen
BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer (OC) is distinguished by its aggressive nature and the limited efficacy of current treatment strategies. Recent studies have emphasized the significant role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in OC development and progression. METHODS: Employing sophisticated machine learning techniques on bulk transcriptomic datasets, we identified fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7), derived from CAFs, as a potential oncogenic factor. We investigated the relationship between FGF7 expression and various clinical parameters...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Translational Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491244/pele-scores-pelvic-x-ray-landmark-detection-with-pelvis-extraction-and-enhancement
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhen Huang, Han Li, Shitong Shao, Heqin Zhu, Huijie Hu, Zhiwei Cheng, Jianji Wang, S Kevin Zhou
PURPOSE: Pelvic X-ray (PXR) is widely utilized in clinical decision-making associated with the pelvis, the lower part of the trunk that supports and balances the trunk. In particular, PXR-based landmark detection facilitates downstream analysis and computer-assisted diagnosis and treatment of pelvic diseases. Although PXR has the advantages of low radiation and reduced cost compared to computed tomography (CT), it characterizes the 2D pelvis-tissue superposition of 3D structures, which may affect the accuracy of landmark detection in some cases...
March 15, 2024: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490775/natural-experiment-outcomes-studies-in-rotor-wing-air-medical-transport-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-before-and-after-and-helicopter-unavailable-publications-from-1970-to-2022
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Schoenfeld, Caroline E Thomas, Michael P McCartin, Ira J Blumen, Samuel M Galvagno, Stephen H Thomas
OBJECTIVE: Helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) is widely used for prehospital and interfacility transport, but there is a paucity of HEMS outcomes data from studies using randomized controlled trial designs. In the absence of robust randomized controlled trial evidence, judgments regarding HEMS potential benefit must be informed by observational data. Within the study design set of observational analyses, the natural experiment (NE) is notable for its high potential methodologic quality; NE designs are occasionally denoted "quasi-experimental...
2024: Air Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490748/do-genetic-loci-that-cause-reproductive-isolation-in-the-lab-inhibit-gene-flow-in-nature
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Megan E Frayer, Bret A Payseur
The genetic dissection of reproductive barriers between diverging lineages provides enticing clues into the origin of species. One strategy uses linkage analysis in experimental crosses to identify genomic locations involved in phenotypes that mediate reproductive isolation. A second framework searches for genomic regions that show reduced rates of exchange across natural hybrid zones. It is often assumed that these approaches will point to the same loci, but this assumption is rarely tested. In this perspective, we discuss the factors that determine whether loci connected to postzygotic reproductive barriers in the laboratory are inferred to reduce gene flow in nature...
March 15, 2024: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490714/bispecific-immune-cell-engager-enhances-the-anticancer-activity-of-cd16-nk-cells-and-macrophages-in-vitro-and-eliminates-cancer-metastasis-in-nk-humanized-nog-mice
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shahryar Khoshtinat Nikkhoi, Ge Yang, Hajar Owji, Mayara Grizotte-Lake, Rick I Cohen, Lazaro Gil Gonzalez, Mohammad Massumi, Arash Hatefi
BACKGROUND: In a prior report, we detailed the isolation and engineering of a bispecific killer cell engager, referred to as BiKE:E5C1. The BiKE:E5C1 exhibits high affinity/specificity for the CD16a activating receptor on natural killer (NK) cells and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) on cancer cells. In vitro studies have demonstrated that BiKE:E5C1 can activate the NK cells and induce the killing of HER2+ ovarian and breast cancer cells, surpassing the performance of the best-in-class monoclonal antibody, Trazimera (trastuzumab)...
March 15, 2024: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490663/experiences-prevalence-and-drivers-of-disrespect-and-abuse-of-adolescents-during-facility-based-childbirth-in-sub-saharan-africa-a-scoping-review-protocol
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samson Udho, Sheila Elizabeth Clow
INTRODUCTION: Adolescents are more likely to experience disrespect and abuse (D&A) by skilled health personnel during facility-based childbirth. However, research evidence on the experiences, prevalence and drivers of D&A of adolescents in childbirth is limited. We aim to establish research evidence on the experiences, prevalence and drivers of D&A of adolescents during facility-based childbirth in sub-Saharan Africa and identify gaps in the literature to inform future research...
March 15, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490586/from-identity-based-distress-to-thinking-i-am-better-off-being-dead-minority-stress-posttraumatic-cognitions-and-suicidal-ideation
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Eun Jeon, Morgan Robison, Lee Robertson, Nikhila S Udupa, Miracle R Potter, Thomas E Joiner
BACKGROUND: Suicidal ideation (SI) disproportionately impacts individuals with minoritized race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation. Minority stress - i.e., traumatic, insidious distress that results from acts of discrimination - may lead to the formation of posttraumatic cognitions that may generalize to suicidal ideation, elevating SI risk in minoritized populations. The current study aimed to test this potential relationship by examining whether minority stress and posttraumatic cognitions accounted for the association between discrimination and SI...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Affective Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490569/use-and-application-of-large-language-models-for-patient-questions-following-total-knee-arthroplasty
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandeep S Bains, Jeremy A Dubin, Daniel Hameed, Oliver C Sax, Scott Douglas, Michael Mont, James Nace, Ronald E Delanois
INTRODUCTION: A consumer-focused health care model not only allows unprecedented access to information, but equally warrants consideration of the appropriateness of providing accurate patient health information. Nurses play a large role in influencing patient satisfaction following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but they come at a cost. A specific natural language artificial intelligence (AI) model, ChatGPT (Generative Pretrained Transformer), has accumulated over 100 million users within months of launching...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Arthroplasty
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490545/can-a-gradual-weaning-and-separation-process-reduce-weaning-distress-in-dam-reared-dairy-calves-a-comparison-with-the-two-step-method
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anina Vogt, Kerstin Barth, Susanne Waiblinger, Uta König von Borstel
The weaning and separation phase remains one of the biggest challenges for cow-calf-contact systems, but a gradual process that better mimics the naturally occurring reduction in milk intake has not yet been scientifically investigated. Therefore, the aim of our study was to compare behavioral and physiological indicators of distress in 3 mo-old dam-reared dairy calves (with previous full-time cow-calf contact) weaned and separated either via gradual reduction of contact time with the dam (GR, 1 week half day contact, 1 week morning contact, 1 week fence-line contact before complete separation, n = 18) or via 2-step weaning using a nose flap (NF, 2 weeks access to dam with a nose flap, 1 week fence-line contact before complete separation, n = 18)...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Dairy Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490436/the-mechanism-behind-tenuazonic-acid-mediated-inhibition-of-plant-plasma-membrane-h-atpase-and-plant-growth
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nanna Weise Havshøi, John Nielsen, Anja Thoe Fuglsang
The Increasing prevalence of herbicide-resistant weeds has led to a search for new herbicides that target plant growth processes differing from those targeted by current herbicides. In recent years, some studies have explored the use of natural compounds from microorganisms as potential new herbicides. We previously demonstrated that tenuazonic acid (TeA) from the phytopathogenic fungus Stemphylium loti inhibits the plant plasma membrane (PM) H+ -ATPase, representing a new target for herbicides. In this study, we further investigated the mechanism by which TeA inhibits PM H+ -ATPase and the effect of the toxin on plant growth using Arabidopsis thaliana...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Biological Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490388/eco-friendly-flame-retardant-bamboo-fiber-polypropylene-composite-based-on-the-immobilization-of-halloysite-nanotubes-by-tannic-acid-fe-3-complex
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xi Yu, Lu He, Xiaofeng Zhang, Gege Bao, Rong Zhang, Xiaobei Jin, Daochun Qin
Bamboo fibers (BF), as an important sustainable natural material, are becoming a hot alternative to synthetic fibers for the reinforcement of polypropylene (PP)-based composites. However, the weak interfacial compatibility between BF and PP as matrix and their inherent flammability limit the practical application of BF/PP composites (BPC). Here, a fire-safe BPC was fabricated by constructing flame-retardant interfacial layers containing tannic acid (TA)-Fe3+ complex and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) on the fiber matrix followed by a hot-pressing process...
March 13, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490386/chitosan-hydrogels-enriched-with-bioactive-phloroglucinol-for-controlled-drug-diffusion-and-potential-wound-healing
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roberta Teixeira Polez, Margaret A Ajiboye, Monika Österberg, Marilia M Horn
We report a facile strategy to prepare chitosan (CS) hydrogels that eliminates the need for chemical crosslinking for advanced biomedical therapies. This approach gives controlled properties to the hydrogels by incorporating a natural bioactive phenolic compound, phloroglucinol (PG), into their microstructure. The adsorption of PG onto CS chains enhanced the hydrogels' antioxidant activity by up to 25 % and resulted in a denser, more entangled structure, reducing the pore size by 59 μm while maintaining porosity above 94 %...
March 13, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490379/microwave-promoted-graft-copolymerization-of-poly-ethylacrylate-onto-k-carrageenan-for-removal-of-cd-and-ni-from-aqueous-solution
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mwumvaneza Moses, Eric Mutegoa, Somit K Singh
Microwave promoted graft copolymerization of poly (ethyl acrylate) onto kappa-carrageenan in presence of a redox pair (ascorbic acid and potassium persulfate) led to the formation of a novel copolymer hydrogel, kappa-carrageenan-graft-poly (ethylacrylate). By varying the reaction conditions such as the microwave power, reaction time, concentration of kappa-carrageenan, ascorbic acid and persulfate, copolymers of highest percentage grafting was obtained and characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TGA and XRD. The copolymer was evaluated as an adsorbent for the adsorption of Ni(II) and Cd(II)...
March 13, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
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