keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536865/effects-of-cleft-lip-on-visual-scanning-and-neural-processing-of-infant-faces
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amanda C Hahn, Juergen A Riedelsheimer, Zoë Royer, Jeffrey Frederick, Rachael Kee, Rhiannon Crimmins, Bernd Huber, David H Harris, Kelly J Jantzen
Infant faces readily capture adult attention and elicit enhanced neural processing, likely due to their importance evolutionarily in facilitating bonds with caregivers. Facial malformations have been shown to impact early infant-caregiver interactions negatively. However, it remains unclear how such facial malformations may impact early visual processing. The current study used a combination of eye tracking and electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate adults' early visual processing of infant faces with cleft lip/palate as compared to normal infant faces, as well as the impact cleft palate has on perceived cuteness...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534333/cd74-promotes-cyst-growth-and-renal-fibrosis-in-autosomal-dominant-polycystic-kidney-disease
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julie Xia Zhou, Alice Shasha Cheng, Li Chen, Linda Xiaoyan Li, Ewud Agborbesong, Vicente E Torres, Peter C Harris, Xiaogang Li
The progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), an inherited kidney disease, is associated with renal interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. CD74 has been known not only as a receptor of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) it can also have MIF independent functions. In this study, we report unknown roles and function of CD74 in ADPKD. We show that knockout of CD74 delays cyst growth in Pkd1 mutant kidneys. Knockout and knockdown of CD74 (1) normalize PKD associated signaling pathways, including ERK, mTOR and Rb to decrease Pkd1 mutant renal epithelial cell proliferation, (2) decrease the activation of NF-κB and the expression of MCP-1 and TNF-alpha (TNF-α) which decreases the recruitment of macrophages in Pkd1 mutant kidneys, and (3) decrease renal fibrosis in Pkd1 mutant kidneys...
March 11, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532265/clinical-and-magnetic-resonance-imaging-findings-in-a-french-bulldog-puppy-with-genetically-confirmed-congenital-hypothyroidism
#3
Katia Sánchez González, Harry Warwick, Marius Conradie, Neringa Alisauskaite
A 7-month-old male French bulldog was referred for abnormal mentation and gait. Physical examination revealed a dome shaped calvarium and persistent bregmatic fontanelle. Neurological examination revealed proprioceptive ataxia, pelvic limb paraparesis and strabismus with moderate ventriculomegaly, thinning of the cerebral parenchyma, and widened cerebral sulci on magnetic resonance imaging. Masses were identified in the region of the thyroid, which appeared heterogeneous and hyperintense in T1-weighted and T2-weighted compared with the adjacent muscle signal masses were identified...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531505/residential-greenness-during-pregnancy-and-early-life-and-development-of-asthma-up-to-27-years-of-age-the-espoo-cohort-study
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aino K Rantala, Inês Paciência, Harri Antikainen, Jan Hjort, Timo T Hugg, Maritta S Jaakkola, Jouni J K Jaakkola
Previous studies have suggested that living close to green spaces has protective health effects, but potential effects on asthma are contradictory. We investigated the association between the amount of greenness in the residential area during pregnancy and early life and development of asthma in the first 27 years of life. The study population included all 2568 members of the Espoo Cohort Study, Finland. We calculated individual-level exposure to green space measured as cumulative Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (cumNDVI in unit-months) within 300 m of the participant's residence during pregnancy and the first two years of life in both spring and summer seasons...
March 24, 2024: Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514587/incidence-of-surgically-treated-chronic-subdural-hematoma-after-head-injury-with-normal-initial-computed-tomography
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aaro Heinonen, Minna Rauhala, Harri Isokuortti, Rahul Raj, Anneli Kataja, Milaja Nikula, Juha Öhman, Grant L Iverson, Teemu Luoto
PURPOSE: The objective was to determine the incidence of surgically treated chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) within six months after head trauma in a consecutive series of head injury patients with a normal initial computed tomography (CT). METHODS: A total of 1941 adult patients with head injuries who underwent head CT within 48 h after injury and were treated at the Tampere University Hospital's emergency department were retrospectively evaluated from medical records (median age = 59 years, IQR = 39-79 years, males = 58%, patients using antithrombotic medication = 26%)...
March 22, 2024: Acta Neurochirurgica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509778/large-nesting-expression-in-deer-mice-remains-stable-under-conditions-of-visual-deprivation-despite-heightened-limbic-involvement-perspectives-on-compulsive-like-behavior
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Harry Marx, Thomas E Krahe, De Wet Wolmarans
Visual stimuli and limbic activation varyingly influence obsessive-compulsive symptom expression and so impact treatment outcomes. Some symptom phenotypes, for example, covert repugnant thoughts, are likely less sensitive to sensory stimuli compared to symptoms with an extrinsic focus, that is, symptoms related to contamination, safety, and "just-right-perceptions." Toward an improved understanding of the neurocognitive underpinnings of obsessive-compulsive psychobiology, work in naturalistic animal model systems is useful...
March 2024: Journal of Neuroscience Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504239/the-challenges-in-diagnosing-isolated-epididymal-tuberculosis-tb-in-an-adolescent-male-a-case-report
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Citra Cesilia, Harry Galuh Nugraha, Safendra Siregar, Heda Melinda Nataprawira
BACKGROUND: Genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) is a common form of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) in children. An example of GUTB is epididymal TB, which usually presents unspecific chronic clinical manifestations. Definitive diagnosis can be conducted based on bacteriologic confirmation and histopathologic results, but this is challenging due to the paucibacillary nature of EPTB. Therefore, we reported the challenges in diagnosing isolated epididymal TB in an adolescent male. CASE PRESENTATION: A 16-year-old male presented to respirology clinic with painful swelling of the left scrotum for 3 months before visiting to the hospital...
March 19, 2024: BMC Urology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502983/the-effect-of-appearance-and-functionality-concerns-and-weight-status-on-negative-body-image-mental-health-literacy-in-women
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristen Murray, Jack Davey, Mosa Dennis, Darcy Harris, Erin Hayman, Elizabeth Rieger
Few studies have investigated community knowledge and beliefs about negative body image. Yet, low rates of recognition and help-seeking for body image concerns have been reported. Given the prevalence of body image problems and associated mental health risks in women, the current online study investigated negative body image mental health literacy in 260 women aged 18 to 64 years recruited via Prolific. The mental health literacy paradigm was employed in a 2 × 2 experimental design in which the effect of a target's domain of body image concern (appearance versus body functionality) and weight status ("normal weight" versus "overweight") was assessed on problem recognition, beliefs, and help-seeking recommendations...
March 18, 2024: Body Image
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496447/differentiation-signals-induce-apobec3a-expression-via-grhl3-in-squamous-epithelia-and-squamous-cell-carcinoma
#9
Nicola Smith, Ian Reddin, Paige Policelli, Sunwoo Oh, Rémi Buisson, Nur Zainal, Emma Howes, Benjamin Jenkins, Ian Tracy, Benjamin Sharpe, Damian Amendra, Christopher Hanley, Emma King, Gareth Thomas, Mark Edmond, Simak Ali, Ke Zheng, Nagayasau Egawa, John Doorbar, Michael Carpenter, Reuben Harris, Anjali Rao, Sangeetha Mahadevan, Tim Fenton
Two APOBEC (apolipoprotein-B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like) DNA cytosine deaminase enzymes (APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B) generate somatic mutations in cancer, driving tumour development and drug resistance. Here we used single cell RNA sequencing to study APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B expression in healthy and malignant mucosal epithelia, validating key observations with immunohistochemistry, spatial transcriptomics and functional experiments. Whereas APOBEC3B is expressed in keratinocytes entering mitosis, we show that APOBEC3A expression is confined largely to terminally differentiating cells and requires Grainyhead-like transcription factor 3 (GRHL3)...
March 4, 2024: Research Square
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491429/the-association-between-inflammation-arterial-stiffness-oxidized-ldl-and-cardiovascular-disease-in-finnish-men-with-metabolic-syndrome-a-15-year-follow-up-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Harri Juhani Saarinen, Jorma Lahtela, Päivi Mähönen, Ari Palomäki
BACKGROUND: All-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease are increased in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Risk scores are used to predict individual risk of heart disease. We performed a long-term follow-up study to investigate whether risk scores and cardiovascular risk factors such as arterial stiffness, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and oxidized LDL (OxLDL) can be used to predict cardiovascular events in Finnish men with MetS. METHODS: After baseline measurements we followed 105 Finnish men aged 30 to 65 years with MetS for a mean period of 16...
March 15, 2024: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488328/dandruff-lesional-scalp-skin-exhibits-epidermal-t-cell-infiltration-and-a-weakened-hair-follicle-immune-privilege
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Susan L Limbu, Talveen S Purba, Matthew Harries, Rhia Kundu, Ranjit K Bhogal, Ralf Paus
OBJECTIVE: Dandruff is characterised by the presence of perivascular leukocytes and mild inflammation; however, the immune microenvironment of dandruff-affected scalp skin and the potential changes to the hair follicle's (HF) physiological immune privilege (HF IP) remain unknown. Here, we characterised the HF immune microenvironment and immune privilege status in dandruff-affected scalp skin. METHODS: We assessed relevant key parameters in healthy versus dandruff-affected human scalp biopsies using quantitative immunohistomorphometry, laser capture microdissection, and RNA sequencing...
March 15, 2024: International Journal of Cosmetic Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484152/analytical-validation-of-next-personal%C3%A2-an-ultra-sensitive-personalized-circulating-tumor-dna-assay
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Josette Northcott, Gabor Bartha, Jason Harris, Conan Li, Fabio C P Navarro, Rachel Marty Pyke, Manqing Hong, Qi Zhang, Shuyuan Ma, Tina X Chen, Janet Lai, Nitin Udar, Juan-Sebastian Saldivar, Erin Ayash, Joshua Anderson, Jiang Li, Tiange Cui, Tu Le, Ruthie Chow, Randy Jerel Velasco, Chris Mallo, Rose Santiago, Robert C Bruce, Laurie J Goodman, Yi Chen, Dan Norton, Richard O Chen, John M Lyle
We describe the analytical validation of NeXT Personal® , an ultra-sensitive, tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay for detecting residual disease, monitoring therapy response, and detecting recurrence in patients diagnosed with solid tumor cancers. NeXT Personal uses whole genome sequencing of tumor and matched normal samples combined with advanced analytics to accurately identify up to ~1,800 somatic variants specific to the patient's tumor. A personalized panel is created, targeting these variants and then used to sequence cell-free DNA extracted from patient plasma samples for ultra-sensitive detection of ctDNA...
March 14, 2024: Oncotarget
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481951/human-platelets-contain-a-pool-of-free-zinc-in-dense-granules
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Walter H A Kahr, Sara J Henderson, Fred G Pluthero, Harry F G Heijnen, Nima Vaezzadeh, Alan R Stafford, James C Fredenburgh, Jeffrey I Weitz
BACKGROUND: Activated platelets release procoagulant factors that include Ca2+ and Zn2+ . Releasable Ca2+ stores have been identified in platelet dense granules and the dense tubular system, but similar stores of free Zn2+ have not been identified. OBJECTIVES: Guided by studies of platelet Ca2+ , we employed minimally disruptive methods to identify and localize concentrated free Zn2+ in human platelets. METHODS: Resting platelets from normal donors (NDs), patients with gray platelet syndrome (GPS) lacking α-granules, and patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) deficient in dense granules were loaded with cell-permeant fluorescent probes specific to free Ca2+ or Zn2+ ...
February 2024: Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464255/integrating-circulating-t-follicular-memory-cells-and-autoantibody-repertoires-for-characterization-of-autoimmune-disorders
#14
Emily M Harris, Sarah Chamseddine, Anne Chu, Leetah Senkpeil, Matthew Nikiciuk, Amer Al-Musa, Brian Woods, Elif Ozdogan, Sarife Saker, David P Hoytema van Konijnenburg, Christina S K Yee, Ryan Nelson, Pui Lee, Olha Halyabar, Rebecca C Hale, Megan Day-Lewis, Lauren A Henderson, Alan A Nguyen, Megan Elkins, Toshiro K Ohsumi, Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus, Janique M Peyper, Craig D Platt, Rachael F Grace, Brenna LaBere, Janet Chou
INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune diseases are heterogeneous and often lack specific or sensitive diagnostic tests. Increased percentages of CD4+ CXCR5+ PD1+ circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells and skewed distributions of cTfh subtypes have been associated with autoimmunity. However, cTfh cell percentages can normalize with immunomodulatory treatment despite persistent disease activity, indicating the need for identifying additional cellular and/or serologic features correlating with autoimmunity...
March 7, 2024: medRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461374/men-and-women-undergoing-total-hip-arthroplasty-have-different-clinical-presentations-before-surgery-and-different-outcomes-at-1-year-follow-up
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolò Rossi, Alessandra Nannini, Michele Ulivi, Paolo Sirtori, Giuseppe Banfi, Rossella Tomaiuolo, Laura de Girolamo, Laura Mangiavini, Giuseppe M Peretti
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of sex on patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) for hip osteoarthritis (HOA), aiming to assess the clinical and functional outcomes using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing THA at Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio between 2016 and 2022 was conducted. Inclusion criteria encompassed Kellgren-Lawrence grade III or IV HOA, with preoperative and 12-month postoperative PROMs...
March 9, 2024: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453539/proton-therapy-induces-a-local-microglial-neuroimmune-response
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniëlle C Voshart, Myrthe Klaver, Yuting Jiang, Hilmar R J van Weering, Fleur van Buuren-Broek, Gideon P van der Linden, Davide Cinat, Harry H Kiewiet, Justin Malimban, Daniel A Vazquez-Matias, Luiza Reali Nazario, Ayla C Scholma, Jeffrey Sewdihal, Marc-Jan van Goethem, Peter van Luijk, Rob P Coppes, Lara Barazzuol
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although proton therapy is increasingly being used in the treatment of paediatric and adult brain tumours, there are still uncertainties surrounding the biological effect of protons on the normal brain. Microglia, the brain-resident macrophages, have been shown to play a role in the development of radiation-induced neurotoxicity. However, their molecular and hence functional response to proton irradiation remains unknown. This study investigates the effect of protons on microglia by comparing the effect of photons and protons as well as the influence of age and different irradiated volumes...
March 1, 2024: Radiotherapy and Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38439638/a-type-4-resistant-potato-starch-alters-the-cecal-microbiome-and-gene-expression-in-mice-fed-a-western-diet-based-on-nhanes-data
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Allen D Smith, Celine Chen, Lumei Cheung, Robert E Ward, B Sky Jones, Elizabeth A Pletsch, Harry D Dawson
Four major types of resistant starch (RS1-4) are present in foods, all of which can alter the microbiome and are fermented in the cecum and colon to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Type 4 RSs are chemically modified starches, not normally found in foods, but have become a popular food additive as their addition increases fiber content. Multiple studies, in humans and rodents, have explored how different RS4 affect post-prandial glucose metabolism, but fewer studies have examined the effects of RS4 consumption on the microbiome...
March 5, 2024: Food & Function
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38437228/cold-temperature-induces-a-trpm8-independent-calcium-release-from-the-endoplasmic-reticulum-in-human-platelets
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anastasiia Stratiievska, Olga Filippova, Tahsin Özpolat, Daire Byrne, S Lawrence Bailey, Aastha Chauhan, Molly Y Mollica, Jeff Harris, Kali Esancy, Junmei Chen, Ajay K Dhaka, Nathan J Sniadecki, José A López, Moritz Stolla
The detection of temperature by the human sensory system is life-preserving and highly evolutionarily conserved. Platelets are sensitive to temperature changes and are activated by a decrease in temperature, akin to sensory neurons. However, the molecular mechanism of this temperature-sensing ability is unknown. Yet, platelet activation by temperature could contribute to numerous clinical sequelae, most importantly to reduced quality of ex vivo-stored platelets for transfusion. In this multidisciplinary study, we present evidence for the expression of the temperature-sensitive ion channel transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily member 8 (TRPM8) in human platelets and precursor cells...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433261/the-weight-of-complications-high-and-low-bmi-have-disparate-modes-of-failure-in-total-hip-arthroplasty
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica Schmerler, Victoria E Bergstein, William ElNemer, Andrew B Harris, Harpal S Khanuja, Uma Srikumaran, Vishal Hegde
BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) has been shown to influence risk for revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA), but few studies have specifically examined which causes of rTHA are most likely in different BMI classes. We hypothesized that patients in different BMI classes would undergo rTHA for disparate reasons. METHODS: Ninety-eight thousand six hundred seventy patients undergoing rTHA over 2006-2020 were identified in the National Inpatient Sample. Patients were classified as underweight, normal-weight, overweight/obese, or morbidly obese...
March 4, 2024: Arthroplasty
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38419803/predicting-cervical-cancer-target-motion-using-a-multivariate-regression-model-to-enable-patient-selection-for-adaptive-external-beam-radiotherapy
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Wang, Dualta McQuaid, Matthew Blackledge, Helen McNair, Emma Harris, Susan Lalondrelle
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Interfraction motion during cervical cancer radiotherapy is substantial in some patients, minimal in others. Non-adaptive plans may miss the target and/or unnecessarily irradiate normal tissue. Adaptive radiotherapy leads to superior dose-volume metrics but is resource-intensive. The aim of this study was to predict target motion, enabling patient selection and efficient resource allocation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty cervical cancer patients had CT with full-bladder (CT-FB) and empty-bladder (CT-EB) at planning, and daily cone-beam CTs (CBCTs)...
January 2024: Physics and Imaging in Radiation Oncology
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