Staph aureus positive infants

The magnitude of non-sparing anaerobic (NSA) infections has been defined in the postoperative wounds on colorectum in children (57.1%), general surgery (0%), abdominoperineal and uterocervical operations (11-45%) in gynaecologic and obstetrical cases and perforative peritonitis (25.8-32.3%). Children below the 6 months age group bear less risk of acquiring NSA infection. Under certain situations, metronidazole combats NSA infections in a better way than other antibacterials. The bacteriology of NSA infections has been probed at the species level in the gynaecologic and obstetrical patients...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relation between resistance to methicillin and virulence in strains of Staph. aureus by estimating the survival at day 30. DESIGN: Case control analysis. SETTING: Inpatients at a major Cancer Referral Center. PATIENTS: 21 patients with methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA) bactaeremia and 45 patients with methicillin-susceptible Staph. aureus (MSSA) bactaeremia, all treated with vancomycin...

One hundred and thirty five cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from children clinically diagnosed Pyogenic meningitis (in and around Ahmedabad) were subjected to physical, bacteriological, cytological and biochemical examinations. It was found that all CSF specimens were turbid, the culture positivity varied form 12.12 to 56%. The highest percentage was found in children of less than one year of age. The average percentage of culture positivity was 28.68%. The result of gram stain was more than that of cultural examination...

One hundred and four effusions from 66 children with CSOM were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Fifty percent of all effusions yielded bacterial growth and Gram negative organisms constituted 69.2% of those isolates. H. influenza was the most commonly isolated organism (36.5%) followed by B. catarrhalis and Str. pneumoniae. All B. catarrhalis, Staph. aureus and pseudomonas isolates were resistant to ampicillin while cefotaxime was active against all the isolated Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria...

Macroblood (MaHC) and microblood (MiHC) cultures were made in 200 neonates with a suspected diagnosis of septicemia so as to compare the efficiency of MiHC to isolate bacterias taking MaHC as reference. Blood was obtained by heel punctures in sterile test tubes soaked with polyanetol sodium sulphonate and later cultured in trypticase soy broth with sacharose 15 per cent. Positive percentage was 14.5 for MiHC and 12.3 for MaHC. MiHC reliability, taking MaHC as reference was 59 per cent. Only 29.7 per cent isolations were obtained with MiHC that increased to 40...

This study is a review of 1,040 significant positive blood cultures from 415 patients, and 44 positive cerebrospinal fluid cultures from 44 patients treated at the Meir General Hospital during the period 1976-78. The most frequent isolates from blood cultures were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The most frequent isolates from cerebrospinal fluid cultures were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis, which were present in similar proportions...

Out of 300 newborn infants who had conjunctival swabs inoculated for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and other bacteria, 72% had bacteria isolated 4 to 6 days after birth. Of these, Staph. albus constituted 51% and Staph. aureus 19%. None of the infants were Chlamydia positive. Five out of 112 mothers (4.5%) were Chlamydia positive from the cervix just before delivery. Nineteen of the neonates were treated for conjunctivitis within the first month of life. Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 2, and Staph...

The bacterial flora of the nose and external ear canal of 132 newborn infants, aged 3 days and 4 to 7 days, was examined. Cultures taken from the nose showed the following pattern of bacterial colonization: normal flora (39%); potentially pathologic gram-positive microorganisms (23%); gram-negative enteric rods (16%); and sterile cultures (22%). The most frequent bacterial cultures from nostrils were Staphylococcus epidermidis (39%); Staph. aureus (11%) and Escherichia coli (8%). The cultures from the external ear canal showed normal flora (37%); potentially pathologic gram-positive microorganisms (5%); gram-negative enteric rods (24%); and sterile cultures (34%)...

A 15 months prospective study of gastroenteritis in hospitalized newborns and infants (N = 201) was combined with a Rotavirus infection surveillance. Stool specimens were investigated weekly (CFT). From patients with gastroenteritis (N = 320) an infectious agent could be detected on average in 41% of each patient group: Rotavirus N = 54, Staph. aureus N = 22, toxin producing E. coli N = 4, other bacteria N = 25, Candida albicans N = 17, Echovirus 11 N = 1. With certain exceptions, the pathogens were distributed equally within the patient groups...

An analysis was made of all cases of infection among 181 neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during one year. Twenty-four per cent had an infection on admission; their infections correlated with prolonged ruptured membranes and the degree and site of colonization. The predominant organisms found in perinatal infections were Staphylococcus aureus, Group B streptococci and Escherichia coli. Thirty per cent acquired a hospital infection. This correlated with the length of the period of instrumentation...

Over a six year period to 1985, 64 episodes of bacterial peritonitis in children on CAPD yielded 59 Gram-positive and 15 Gram-negative isolates. The former included 27 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis (45.8%) and 24 Staph. aureus (40.7%). Staph. epidermidis is now the commonest cause of infection in these patients and like Staph. aureus is spread by leaks and disconnections. It is also more resistant to antibiotics than Staph. aureus and this causes problems in the choice of antibiotics with failure to control peritonitis and subsequent complications such as diminished efficacy of therapy, peritoneal adhesions, recourse to haemodialysis and superinfection with fungi...

Between September 86 and May 87 we reviewed the case histories of 25 newborns (gestational age: 33-41 weeks, birth weight: 1280-3600 g) with septicaemia proved by positive blood cultures. Two groups are formed: Group A: onset of sepsis within the first 48 hours of life (10 newborns), group B: onset of sepsis after 48 hours of life (15 newborns). No differences in gestational age and birth weight were found between the groups. Amnionitis was found in 8 mothers (80%) of group A, however, we found only 2 (13%) mothers with amnionitis in group B...

In the five year period between 1980 and 1984, 2146 adults and 172 neonates suffering from acute conjunctivitis underwent laboratory investigation for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Adenoviruses (AV), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and pathogenic bacteria. Epidemiology and clinical features are presented and discussed. CT was detected in 29 per cent of neonates with conjunctivitis. 5.6 per cent of adults and older children investigated for follicular conjunctivitis were CT positive. There was a significant female preponderance among CT positive neonates of 1...

In a five-year prospective study of blood culture-positive septicaemia in a Hong Kong teaching hospital there were 2211 clinically-significant episodes, of which 16% occurred in children less than 15 years old. The microbiology and clinical features were broadly similar to those seen in Europe and North America, but with some important differences. Two-thirds of episodes were community-acquired. The most common organism isolated from community-acquired septicaemias was Escherichia coli and the source, most commonly, the urinary tract...

During February to June 1987, one hundred and sixty one babies admitted to Harare Neonatal Unit had positive blood cultures, giving a sepsis rate of 21/100 live births at Harare Hospital. The case records of these 161 babies were reviewed and compared with records of 50 babies admitted from the same catchment area and during the same time period but who had negative blood cultures. Babies with early (less than 48 hr) onset or late onset sepsis tended to have lower birth weights and shorter gestational ages than controls...

35 episodes of septicemia in 33 patients occurred among 269 consecutive patients with granulocytopenia (granulocyte cell count less than or equal to 0.5 x 10(9)/l) during the 7-year period 1982-1988. 59% of isolated bacteria were Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Staph. epidermidis, Streptococcus species and Pneumococcus) and 41% Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter and Citrobacter). Compared to the 7-year period 1975-1981, there was a decrease in the relative number of patients with Gram-negative septicemia...

The results of microbiological tests performed in a burns unit between January 1989 and December 1990 have been analysed. Burn wound swabs and biopsies, blood cultures, central venous and urinary catheters, bronchial aspirates, pharyngeal swabs and faecal cultures for a total of 7950 examinations were considered. Staph. aureus was the most frequently isolated bacterium, followed by Staph. epidermidis, Pseud. aeruginosa and E. coli. The antibiograms have shown a low efficacy rate of cephalosporins, even of the latest generation, while with Gram-positive isolates the highest rates of activity were recorded by vancomycin and teicoplanin (100 per cent sensitivity)...

The carriage state of Staphylococcus aureus and its role in the pathogenesis and management of atopic dermatitis were evaluated in 50 patients, aged 3 months to 12 yr. An equal number of age and sex matched controls were also studied. The positivity of Staph.aureus in patients with atopic dermatitis was 50 per cent from eczematous skin, 34 per cent from anterior nares and 26 per cent from normal skin. In controls, the comparative figures were 14 per cent from anterior nares and 10 per cent from normal skin...

A survey of 158 children with acute haematogenous osteomyelitis, and of 94 children with acute septic arthritis over an 8-year period was made to determine which bacteria cause these infections. In the osteomyelitis group the organism most frequently detected was Staphylococcus aureus (74% of cases). In 16% of cases streptococci were found. Staph. aureus was also the most frequently grown organism in cases of acute septic arthritis (55% of cases), but Haemophilus influenzae accounted for 24% of positive cultures...