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Sulfate wastewater has a wide range of sources and greatly harms water, soil, and plants. Iron-carbon microelectrolysis (IC-ME) is a potentially sustainable strategy to improve the treatment of sulfate (SO4 2- ) wastewater by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). In this study, an iron-carbon mixed micro-electrolysis bioreactor (R1), iron-carbon layered bioreactor (R2), activated carbon bioreactor (R3), and scrap iron filing bioreactor (R4) were constructed by up-flow column experimental device. The performance and mechanism of removing high-concentration sulfate wastewater under different sulfate concentrations, hydraulic retention times (HRT), and chemical oxygen demand (COD)/SO4 2- were discussed...

This column is intended to address the kinds of knotty problems and dilemmas with which many scholars grapple in studying health professions education. In this article, the authors address the question of whether one should conduct a literature review or knowledge synthesis, considering the why, when, and how, as well as its potential pitfalls. The goal is to guide supervisors and students who are considering whether to embark on a literature review in education research.

BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES: Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne illness that affects millions of people worldwide every year. With no vaccination available, early detection and treatment is critical. One-hundred-twelve countries in the world pose a risk to travelers, particularly in metropolitan areas. Laboratory diagnoses vary according to objectives, resources, and schedule, with sensitivity and specificity must be balanced for effective testing. METHODS: The current work is a cross-sectional diagnostic study and samples from suspected patients of dengue was collected from May 15 to November 15 2023 and transported to laboratory, and RT-PCR and Dengue Duo Rapid test diagnosis techniques were used on 48 clinical samples included in this study...

BACKGROUND: Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China, and there are several studies on the composition and diversity of bacteria in Poyang Lake, while few quantitative studies were carried out on the response of the bacterial community to environmental factors during the extreme flood season in Poyang Lake. METHODS: The connected-lake heterogeneity of bacterial community composition (BCC) was investigated in Poyang Lake during the flood season in 2020...

OBJECTIVES: We, the Department of Community Medicine, have been training healthcare providers for palliative care in the hospital and community setting. There were many difficulties in providing proper palliative care. The objective is to explore the various difficulties faced by Junior Residents, auxiliary nurse and midwife (ANM) and medical social workers (MSWs) during the home visits of palliative care patients and to address those difficulties in future visits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in our peripheral institutions such as the Rural Health Training Centre and the Urban Health Training Centre among Junior Residents, ANMs and MSWs who had provided palliative care for the patients...

Snakebite envenoming is a global health issue that affects millions of people worldwide, and that causes morbidity rates surpassing 450,000 individuals annually. Patients suffering from snakebite morbidities may experience permanent disabilities such as pain, blindness and amputations. The (local) tissue damage that causes these life-long morbidities is the result of cell- and tissue-damaging toxins present in the venoms. These compounds belong to a variety of toxin classes and may affect cells in various ways, for example, by affecting the cell membrane...

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to explore the risk factors for the prognosis and recurrence of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). METHODS: The correlation of these variables with the prognosis and recurrence risks was analyzed by binary and multivariate logistic regression. Besides, a nomogram was constructed based on the multivariate logistic regression calculation. After the model was verified by the C-statistic, the ROC curve was plotted to evaluate the sensitivity of the model...

Rock hind (Epinephelus adscensionis) and spotted moray (Gymnothorax moringa) are ubiquitous mesopredators that co-occur in the nearshore waters of Ascension Island in the South Atlantic Ocean, where they have significant cultural and subsistence value, but management of their non-commercial take is limited. This isolated volcanic system is home to high biomass and low species diversity, which poses two key questions: How can two mesopredators that perform similar ecological roles coexist? And if these two species are so ecologically similar, can they be managed using the same approach? Here, we combined acoustic telemetry, stomach content analysis, and stable isotope analysis to (i) explore space use and diet choices within and between these two species and (ii) to assess appropriate species-specific management options...

Numerous studies revealed optimization techniques' applicability in minimizing the costs of reinforced concrete buildings. However, the existing literature has narrowly focused on optimizing buildings with a single function, such as residential or office buildings, hindering the generalization of the results. This paper aims to bridge the gap between optimization and structural engineering by obtaining the minimum-cost design of flat slab buildings with different intended functions. In this context, the optimal designs of 120 alternatives were obtained, considering various spans (4-8 m), live loads (2-10 kPa), and concrete compressive strength (25-40 MPa)...

Driven by climate change and human activity, Sargassum blooming rates have intensified, producing copious amount of the invasive, pelagic seaweed across the Caribbean and Latin America. Battery recycling and lead-smelter wastes have heavily polluted the environment and resulted in acute lead poisoning in children through widespread heavy metal contamination particular in East Trinidad. Our study details a comprehensive investigation into the use of Sargassum (S. natans), as a potential resource-circular feedstock for the synthesis of calcium alginate beads utilized in heavy metal adsorption, both in batch and column experiments...

In this study, protonation constant values and liquid chromatographic behaviors of hydrophobic cyclizine, chlorcyclizine, hydroxyzine, cinnarizine, cetirizine, meclizine, and buclizine in some water-organic solvent binary mixtures were examined for the first time using classical and green reverse phase liquid chromatography methods. In the isocratic study, the relationship of the retention time and mobile phase pH in water-organic solvent binary mixtures containing acetonitrile (45, 50, 55, 60, 65, v/v), methanol (60, 65, 70, 75, v/v) and ethanol (45, 50, 55, 56, 59, 60, 62, 65, v/v) were determined at 37 °C...

OBJECTIVE: To review current status of surgical treatment for angular kyphosis in spinal tuberculosis and provide reference for clinical treatment. METHODS: The literature on the surgical treatment for angular kyphosis of spinal tuberculosis in recent years was extensively reviewed and summarized from the aspects of surgical indications, surgical contraindications, surgical approach, selection of osteotomy, and perioperative management. RESULTS: Angular kyphosis of spine is a common complication in patients with spinal tuberculosis...

The knowledge of major sources, sinks, and the burial fate of various pollutants added to modern aquatic ecosystems under changing environmental conditions is limited but crucial for our sustainability. In this context, the spatial distributions and causative factors of organic matter (OM) and heavy metal accumulations have been explored in modern lacustrine sediments of a large urbanized and protected wetland (ULB: Upper Lake Bhopal) in Central India. For this purpose, geochemical properties, in particular, stable isotopes (δ13 C and δ15 N) were measured in the ULB surficial sediments (core depth ∼0-1 cm; n = 19), and additionally collected riverbed sediments (n = 2) and atmospheric free-fall dust samples (n = 3) from the lake periphery...

A simple new, rapid, sensitive and cost-effective HPLC-PDA method was developed and validated for the determination of tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) simultaneously. Chromatographic separations were carried out using a reversed-phase Shim-pack GIS C18 column (4.60 × 250.00 mm; 5.00 µm) at 30°C. Oxalic acid (0.05 M), acetonitrile and methanol were used as mobile phase under gradient elution conditions at the flow rate 1.50 mL min-1 . Detection wavelength was set at 330 nm...

A new analytical methodology was proposed to determine fourteen bisphenols in honeys from different botanical origins using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A fast, efficient, environmentally-friendly and simple sample treatment (recoveries between 81% and 116%; matrix effect <20% for all studied compounds except for bisphenol E, F and S) was proposed, which involved a solvent microextraction with acetone and a small volume/amount of 1-hexanol. Chromatographic analysis (< 15 min) was performed in a Kinetex EVO C18 column under gradient elution mode...

Inert waste landfills are strictly limited to inert or non-reactive waste materials, nevertheless, due to human negligence or unavoidable circumstances, sometimes, small amounts of biodegradable or chemically reactive waste are mixed and disposed together with the inert waste. Over time, leachate generated from these biodegradable wastes may come into contact with rainfall water and percolate into groundwater and surrounding ground, degrading water quality. Additionally, the large sized industrial plastics present inside the inert waste landfill may trap and store the leachate thus enhancing the risk of contamination due to increased contact time and reducing the mechanical stability of the landfill...

Non-ionic surfactants such as Polysorbate 20/ 80 (PS20/ PS80), are commonly used in protein drug formulations to increase protein stability by protecting against interfacial stress and surface absorption. Polysorbate is susceptible to degradation which can impact product stability, leading to the formation of sub-visible and/or visible particles in the drug product during its shelf-life, affecting patient safety and efficacy. Therefore, it is important to monitor polysorbate concentration in drug product formulations of biotherapeutic drugs...

We provide new algorithms for two tasks relating to heterogeneous tabular datasets: clustering, and synthetic data generation. Tabular datasets typically consist of heterogeneous data types (numerical, ordinal, categorical) in columns, but may also have hidden cluster structure in their rows: for example, they may be drawn from heterogeneous (geographical, socioeconomic, methodological) sources, such that the outcome variable they describe (such as the presence of a disease) may depend not only on the other variables but on the cluster context...

Anthranilic acid (AA) holds significant importance in the chemical industry. It serves as a crucial building block for the amino acid tryptophan by manipulating the tryptophan biosynthesis pathway, it is possible to increase the production of anthranilic acid. In this study, we utilized metabolic engineering approaches to produce anthranilic acid from the halophilic bacterium Virgibacillus salarius MML1918. The halophilic bacteria were grown in an optimized production medium, and mass production of secondary metabolites was made in ATCC medium 1097 Proteose peptone-for halophilic bacteria and subjected to column chromatography followed by sub-column chromatography the single band for the purified compound was confirmed...

Microorganisms produce siderophores, which are low-molecular-weight iron chelators when iron availability is limited. The present analyzed the role of LNPF1 as multifarious PGPR for improving growth parameters and nutrient content in peanut and soil nutrients. Such multifarious PGPR strains can be used as effective bioinoculants for peanut farming. In this work, rhizosphere bacteria from Zea mays and Arachis hypogaea plants in the Salem area of Tamil Nadu, India, were isolated and tested for biochemical attributes and characteristics that stimulate plant growth, such as the production of hydrogen cyanide, ammonia (6 µg/mL), indole acetic acid (76...