Motivational enhancement therapy

PURPOSE: Clinical research trials are needed to enhance the medical care and treatment for lung cancer, which remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While clinical trials allow for the development of novel therapies to treat cancer, the recruitment of lung cancer patients to trials is low. This review aimed to identify and synthesise the available literature concerning barriers and facilitators affecting lung cancer patients' decisions to enrol in clinical trials to guide future cancer research efforts...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to present a series of case studies on the real-life use of pegvaliase in Italy in managing patients affected by phenylketonuria (PKU) and provide practical insight and support to healthcare professionals currently approaching and facing this novel enzyme substitution therapy. METHODS: A panel of 11 PKU experts from seven leading Italian treatment centers attended online virtual meetings with the aim of reviewing their clinical and practical experiences with pegvaliase based on occurred cases...

OBJECTIVE: Aim: The aim of the present published work is efficacy evaluation of the modified educational program in achieving the target levels of glycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in pump insulin therapy in Almaty.. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: This study involved 125 children and adolescents with type 1 DM and evaluated the effectiveness of a modified educational program at the School of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus...

PURPOSE: Pelvic health issues after treatment for gynecological cancer are common. Due to challenges in accessing physiotherapy services, exploring virtual pelvic healthcare is essential. This study aims to understand needs, preferences, barriers, and facilitators for a virtual pelvic healthcare program for gynecological cancer survivors. METHODS: A multi-center, sequential mixed-methods study was conducted. An anonymous online survey (N=50) gathered quantitative data on pelvic health knowledge, opportunities, and motivation...

The rising burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) poses a significant healthcare challenge on a global scale. The economic impact is also substantial and continually increasing. In Serbia, even though the prevalence is officially around 12 percent, nearly 40 percent of the adult population is estimated to be living with undiagnosed diabetes and more than half the population is obese or overweight. This review comprehensively addresses the present approach to treating T2D, emphasizing the critical role of treatment adherence...

Treatment demand for Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) has increased in the past decade in almost all European countries, and CUD is currently the most common reason for first-time drug-related treatment admission in the European Union. Even though several therapeutic approaches have been shown to benefit individuals with CUD, there is a lack of knowledge regarding factors associated with effective therapy and the underlying mechanisms of change among individuals with CUD presenting for treatment. The aim of the present paper was to review current knowledge on factors that have been shown to contribute to positive outcomes in CUD treatment...

INTRODUCTION: Women show a gender-specific risk for co-occurring opioid use disorder (OUD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Expert groups have called for the development of integrated treatments for women with OUD/PTSD, but there remains limited information on such interventions. METHODS: This mixed-methods study interviewed and surveyed 10 women with current or past OUD and co-occurring posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and 16 providers who work with these women...

BACKGROUND: With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, pre-hospital emergency healthcare workers (PHEHW) assumed critical responsibilities in controlling and preventing the spread of the virus. OBJECTIVE: This descriptive study aimed to explore the emotional burnout, job satisfaction, and intention to leave among PHEHW during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The study was conducted with 401 emergency medical technicians and paramedics. The Sociodemographic Data Form, the Emotional Burnout Scale, the Job Satisfaction Scale, the Intention to Leave the Profession Scale were used to collect data...

Wilcox (2024) and Boswell (2024) make a number of important observations about facilitating process sensitivity training, and here, we respond to those suggestions. We postulate that cultivating process sensitivity is complementary, not antithetical, to traditional training in viewing therapy from a theoretical lens, and thus, can serve to enhance, rather than replace one's existing psychotherapy skills. Moreover, we argue that seeing the impact of process adjustments in real time can be a significant motivator for training in process sensitivity since the benefits are more immediately obvious...

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability worldwide; therefore, an effective rehabilitation strategy is fundamental. Mirror therapy (MT) has been a popular approach for upper extremity rehabilitation, but it presents some limitations. Recent advancements in virtual reality (VR) technology have introduced immersive VR-based MT, potentially overcoming these limitations and enhancing rehabilitation outcomes. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel 360° immersive virtual reality-based MT (360MT) in upper extremity rehabilitation for stroke patients, comparing it to traditional MT (TMT) and conventional physical therapy control group (CG)...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Rehabilitation targeting patients with cardiac conditions are evident and acknowledged in clinical guidelines. However, participation rates remain suboptimal, with only 50% of all patients with cardiac conditions participating in these programs across Europe. Considering the well-documented effects of rehabilitation, increasing the referral rate to cardiac rehabilitation would be desirable. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a novel referral strategy that could potentially enhance enrollment in cardiac rehabilitation for patients with heart failure...

BACKGROUND: Trauma-focused therapies (TFTs) are first-line treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, TFTs are under-utilised, partly due to clinicians' and patients' fear that TFT is too challenging or harmful. We review the qualitative studies on how adults with PTSD experience TFTs to enhance the understanding of user perspectives, therapeutic processes, and outcomes. METHODS: PubMed, PsychINFO and PTSDPubs were searched between October 1st and November 30th, 2021...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a rare and aggressive hepatobiliary malignancy, presents significant clinical management challenges. Despite rising incidence and evolving treatment options, prognosis remains poor, motivating the exploration of real-world data for enhanced understanding and patient care. METHODS: This multicenter study analyzed data from 120 metastatic CCA patients at three institutions from 2016 to 2023. Kaplan-Meier curves assessed overall survival (OS), while univariate and multivariate analyses evaluated links between clinical variables (age, gender, tumor site, metastatic burden, ECOG performance status, response to first-line chemotherapy) and OS...

BACKGROUND: To the best of our knowledge, no specialized research has been conducted to address ailurophobia (fear of cats) in Iran or globally. This has driven our project, along with the prevalence of ailurophobia and the absence of a gamified virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) that incorporates affordable and easily accessible biofeedback (BF) tools. We hypothesize that a gamified VRET augmented with BF will yield more positive effects than a similar device lacking BF. OBJECTIVE: This study primarily focuses on the development and preliminary evaluation of a smartphone-gamified VRET integrated with BF, targeting animal phobia, with a specific case study on ailurophobia...

BACKGROUND: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a collection of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type-2 diabetes, that includes central obesity, hypertension, hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia. An audit indicated inadequate MetS screening in an Australian psychiatric recovery service. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to improve MetS screening, identification and intervention by offering streamlined lifestyle education, clinical reviews and discharge planning. This pilot program prioritized holistic, culturally-sensitive, patient-centric, and trauma-informed approaches to enhance metabolic health outcomes...

This study evaluated patient experiences with genetic testing for inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) and the association between underlying knowledge, testing outcomes, and the perceived value of the results. An online survey was distributed to adults with IRDs and parents/guardians of dependents with IRDs who had had genetic testing. Data included details of genetic testing, pre- and post- test perceptions, Decision Regret Scale, perceived value of results, and knowledge of gene therapy. Of 135 responses (85% from adults with IRDs), genetic testing was primarily conducted at no charge through public hospitals (49%) or in a research setting (30%)...

Tissue engineering provides promise for regeneration of cardiac tissue following myocardial infarction. However, the harsh microenvironment of the infarct hampers the efficacy of regenerative therapies. Ischemia-reperfusion injury dramatically increases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the infarcted area, causing a cascade of further cellular injury. Implantable tissue engineered grafts can target this oxidative stress by delivering pharmaceutical compounds directly into the diseased tissue...

BACKGROUND: In the Lake Victoria basin of western Kenya, malaria remains highly endemic despite high coverage of interventions such as mass distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN), indoor residual spraying (IRS) programs, and improvement of availability and accessibility of rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) at community healthcare facilities. We hypothesize that one major cause of the residual transmission is the lack of motivation among residents for malaria prevention and early treatment...

Anticancer peptides (ACPs) are a group of peptides that exhibit antineoplastic properties. The utilization of ACPs in cancer prevention can present a viable substitute for conventional cancer therapeutics, as they possess a higher degree of selectivity and safety. Recent scientific advancements generate an interest in peptide-based therapies which offer the advantage of efficiently treating intended cells without negatively impacting normal cells. However, as the number of peptide sequences continues to increase rapidly, developing a reliable and precise prediction model becomes a challenging task...

OBJECTIVES: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have emerged as promising prophylactic episodic migraine treatments. The present study investigated biopsychosocial predictors and outcomes associated with formal, daily-life meditation practice in migraine patients undergoing MBI, and whether augmented mindfulness mechanistically underlies change. METHODS: Secondary analyses of clinical trial data comparing a 12-week enhanced mindfulness-based stress reduction course (MBSR + ; n = 50) to stress management for headache (SMH; n = 48) were conducted...