hpv cervical smear

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) awareness and knowledge on physiological state and quality of life of women referred to colposcopy and/or HPV testing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out at University Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia. The women with abnormal Pap test results obtained at the primary care centers requiring colposcopy and/or HPV testing were included. Before gynecological examination, participants filled the questionnaire on demographic characteristics, gynecological history, questionnaire for the evaluation of HPV awareness and HPV knowledge level, a set of self-report questionnaires assessing the anxiety level, quality of life, and concern about the smear and colposcopy results and perceived risk of developing cervical cancer...

The development of the Papanicolaou smear test by Dr. George Nicholas Papanicolaou (1883-1962) is one of the most significant achievements in screening for disease and cancer prevention in history. The Papanicolaou smear has been used for screening of cervical cancer since the 1950s. The test is technically straightforward and practical and based on a simple scientific observation: malignant cells have an aberrant nuclear morphology that can be distinguished from benign cells. Here, we review the scientific understanding that has been achieved and continues to be made on the causes and consequences of abnormal nuclear morphology, the basis of Dr...

Background: Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) may be higher in perinatally human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected (PHIV) than HIV-uninfected (HU) adolescents because of long-standing immune deficiency. Methods: PHIV and HU females aged 12-24 years in Thailand and Vietnam were matched by age group and lifetime sexual partners. At enrollment, blood, cervical, vaginal, anal, and oral samples were obtained for HPV-related testing. The Wilcoxon and Fisher exact tests were used for univariate and logistic regression for multivariate analyses...

Objective: Cervical cancer (CC) screening by Pap smears has led to a decrease in the incidence of CC worldwide. Indeed, the incidence of CC in Switzerland is very low; however, there is a lack of data to evaluate the efficiency of the Pap smear as a screening tool. Until now, only Pap smears have been used and other methods such as the presence of an infection with HPV have not been integrated into the routine screening. The aim of this study is to evaluate trends in the incidence of CC and its precancerous lesions in Central Switzerland, which represents a rural region, with those in urban regions and the entire country of Switzerland...

OBJECTIVES: Misinformation and lack of formal education about cervical cancer may contribute to disparities. The objective of this study was to assess the role of an educational intervention in improving knowledge about Human papilloma virus (HPV) and cervical cancer among African American female college students. METHODS: We completed a total of 5 lectures at 4 different historically Black Colleges in North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. Each 60min lecture reviewed basic female anatomy, HPV pathogenesis, cervical dysplasia, cervical cancer, HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening...

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have addressed the impact of mode of delivery on the natural history of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) in pregnant women. However, the literature is still contradictory. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In the course of a retrospective analysis, data of 63 pregnant women with abnormal cervical smears who were referred to our Outpatient Department for pre-invasive lesions of the cervix were analyzed. The study was conducted at the General Hospital in Vienna, Austria, between 2010 and 2015...

BACKGROUND: Ethnic minority women are at increased risk of cervical cancer. Self-sampling for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is a promising approach to increase cervical screening among hard-to-reach populations. OBJECTIVE: To compare a community health worker (CHW)-led HPV self-sampling intervention with standard cervical cancer screening approaches. DESIGN: A 26-week single-blind randomized pragmatic clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: From October 6, 2011 to July 7, 2014, a total of 601 Black, Haitian, and Hispanic women aged 30-65 years in need of cervical cancer screening were recruited, 479 of whom completed study follow-up...

PURPOSE: Cytological and histological cervical screening methods for human papillomavirus may be subjective. Current guidelines recommend the use of direct human papillomavirus screening by molecular methods in conjunction with cytology for the detection of high-risk human papillomavirus types with carcinogenic potential. In this study, we compared the performance of the molecular Cepheid Xpert HPV test to the FDA-approved HC2 High-Risk HPV DNA Test on samples from patients presenting for cervical screening, regardless of the cytology results, in which cervical cell samples were originally collected for Papanicolaou (Pap) smear specimens in Becton Dickinson (BD) SurePath preservative fluid...

OBJECTIVE: The Netherlands converted to high-risk (hr)HPV-based screening in 2017. An increase in referral of hrHPV-positive women with low risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or more (CIN3+) is anticipated and reduction of unjustified referrals will have priority. The relevance of koilocytosis in relation to the underlying risk of high-grade CIN in a primary HPV screening setting is unclear. The aim was to investigate whether the risk for CIN3+ differs between hrHPV-positive atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US)/low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) with or without koilocytosis...

BACKGROUND: We undertook the current study on cervical Human Papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence along with cytology in women visiting the Gynecology Out-patient Department of a hospital for common gynecological ailments, subsequent to our earlier population-based study on HPV prevalence from India. METHODS: We analyzed data on cervical-cytology (Pap smears) and PCR-based molecular detection of HPV infection along with socio-demographic variables (N = 696). RESULTS: We identified 36...

The prevalence of clinically relevant HPV types and their specific risk for progression and regression in women with atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance (ASCUS) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) were studied in a routine screening population. A 4-year cohort of women (n = 820) with ASCUS/LSIL and a positive HPV test in triage were followed for 6-9 years. The progression risks for CIN2+/CIN3+ were determined for single (71.2%) and multiple HPV infections (28.8%). The CIN2+ progression risk for all HPV 16, all HPV 35, single HPV 16 and single HPV 35 infections were 65...

We conducted a randomized, controlled trial to evaluate different strategies of offering an HPV-self sampling program, and compared this with two control groups. All total of 35,354 women who did not participate in the Flemish cancer screening program were included in the study: 9,118 received a HPV self-collection brush (RIATOL qPCR HPV genotyping test (qPCR (E6/E7); 9,098 were offered the opportunity to order an HPV-selfsampling brush, 8,830 received the recall letter; 8,849 received no intervention. Within 12 months after the mailing, 18...

Objectives: To identify the specific human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes from HPV-other type on an HPV DNA chip test by sequencing. Methods: Among 13,600 women undergoing a routine gynecology examination including Pap smear and/or HPV test by DNA chip test in the healthcare system at Gangnam Center from July 2012 to February 2013, we prospectively collected and performed sequencing for a total of 351 consecutive cervicovaginal samples consisting of 180 samples that tested positive for HPV-other type and 171 samples that tested positive for either high-risk HPV or low-risk HPV...

The aim of this prospective study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of women towards the Pap smear. It was carried out on the women coming to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at our University, with the help of a pre-formed questionnaire. We found that only 33% of the women were aware of the Pap smear, and of these hardly (10%) had the correct information. Sixty-five percent of the women said that they would have gotten the Pap smear done, if they had known about it earlier. Unless this knowledge amongst women is improved and their attitude is changed, the indices of cervical cancer cannot be improved...

Pathogenic microbes may colonize the female genital tract via sexual transmission and cause health issues like inflammation or malignancy, summarized as sexually transmitted disease (STD). A major representative of such pathogens is Trichomonas vaginalis (T.v.), whose role in the etiology of cervical cancer remains elusive. Traditional morphologic screening of cervical smears is able to detect T.v., although its identification may be complicated by look-alikes such as degenerated granulocytes and basal cells...

BACKGROUND: There is little information concerning the preventive behaviors against cervical cancer among women in Cambodia, a country without organized cervical cancer screening programs and national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination policies. We aimed to examine the cervical cancer knowledge, attitudes, and practices as well as cervical cancer prevention methods among Cambodian women. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional survey on cervical cancer prevention was conducted...

OBJECTIVES: Cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer for women worldwide with a great proportion proved to be related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. As infection with HPV is the strongest risk factor for cervical neoplasia, detection of HPV genotypes in cervical and vaginal specimens of women with normal and abnormal cytology seems to be of paramount importance in cervical cancer screening. The objective of the study is to evaluate the prevalence and HPV genotypes among women with normal or abnormal Pap smear tests...

The aim of the study was to assess the self-reported cervical cancer screening rate among patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and patient attitude towards human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination. A self-designed survey was conducted in hospitalized IBD patients. The survey comprised demographic data, questions regarding cervical smear test frequency and vaccinations recommended for an IBD patient. Randomly, patients completed the survey with a physician present to determine question comprehension...

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of prior knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV) status in cervical cytopathology readings. Methods: Participants comprised 2,376 women who underwent parallel cytology and HPV-DNA testing. Smears were read twice by the same team, first with previous knowledge of HPV-DNA status. Results: Overall, 239 (10.2%) smears had their cytology classification altered by the HPV-informed review. Cytology readings with prior knowledge of the HPV status revealed 10...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is used in the triage of women with a borderline smear result. The efficiency of testing women with a low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) is less clear. For this reason we used a new HPV test that detects E6/E7 messenger RNA (mRNA), which might have a higher specificity. The objective of this prospective study was to assess whether HPV E6/E7 mRNA positivity in women with ASCUS and LSIL at baseline, is able to predict those women who have a high risk of developing a histological cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2) or worse lesion...