keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531507/complete-genome-sequence-and-transcriptome-response-to-vitamin-c-supplementation-of-novacetimonas-hansenii-si1-producer-of-highly-stretchable-cellulose
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Małgorzata Ryngajłło, Izabela Cielecka, Maurycy Daroch
Novacetimonas hansenii SI1, previously known as Komagataeibacter hansenii, produces bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) with unique ability to stretch. The addition of vitamin C in the culture medium increases the porosity of the membranes and their stretchability making them highly moldable. To better understand the genetic background of this strain, we obtained its complete genome sequence using a hybrid sequencing and assembly strategy. We described the functional regions in the genome which are important for the synthesis of BNC and acetan-like II polymer...
March 24, 2024: New Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530893/feedforward-and-feedback-mechanisms-cooperatively-regulate-rapid-experience-dependent-response-adaptation-in-a-single-thermosensory-neuron-type
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tyler J Hill, Piali Sengupta
Sensory adaptation allows neurons to adjust their sensitivity and responses based on recent experience. The mechanisms that mediate continuous adaptation to stimulus history over seconds- to hours-long timescales, and whether these mechanisms can operate within a single sensory neuron type, are unclear. The single pair of AFD thermosensory neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits experience-dependent plasticity in their temperature response thresholds on both minutes- and hours-long timescales upon a temperature upshift...
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530327/the-spiraling-cognitive-emotional-brain-combinatorial-reciprocal-and-reentrant-macro-organization
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luiz Pessoa
This article proposes a framework for understanding the macro-scale organization of anatomical pathways in the mammalian brain. The architecture supports flexible behavioral decisions across a spectrum of spatio-temporal scales. The proposal emphasizes the combinatorial, reciprocal, and reentrant connectivity-called CRR neuroarchitecture-between cortical, BG, thalamic, amygdala, hypothalamic, and brainstem circuits. Thalamic nuclei, especially midline/intralaminar nuclei, are proposed to act as hubs routing the flow of signals between noncortical areas and pFC...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528445/investigator-choice-of-standard-therapy-versus-sequential-novel-therapy-arms-in-the-treatment-of-relapsed-follicular-lymphoma-refract-study-protocol-for-a-multi-centre-open-label-randomised-phase-ii-platform-trial
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Graham McIlroy, Siân Lax, Charlotte Gaskell, Aimee Jackson, Malcolm Rhodes, Tania Seale, Sonia Fox, Lousie Hopkins, Jessica Okosun, Sally F Barrington, Ingo Ringshausen, Alan G Ramsay, Maria Calaminici, Kim Linton, Mark Bishton
BACKGROUND: Relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma (rrFL) is an incurable disease associated with shorter remissions and survival after each line of standard therapy. Many promising novel, chemotherapy-free therapies are in development, but few are licensed as their role in current treatment pathways is poorly defined. METHODS: The REFRACT trial is an investigator-initiated, UK National Cancer Research Institute, open-label, multi-centre, randomised phase II platform trial aimed at accelerating clinical development of novel therapies by addressing evidence gaps...
March 25, 2024: BMC Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528313/diverse-projected-climate-change-scenarios-affect-the-physiology-of-broccoli-plants-to-different-extents
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mónica Pineda, Matilde Barón, María Luisa Pérez-Bueno
Climate change caused by global warming involves crucial plant growth factors such as atmospheric CO2 concentration, ambient temperature or water availability. These stressors usually co-occur, causing intricate alterations in plant physiology and development. This work focuses on how elevated atmospheric CO2 levels, together with the concomitant high temperature, would affect the physiology of a relevant crop, such as broccoli. Particular attention has been paid to those defence mechanisms that contribute to plant fitness under abiotic stress...
2024: Physiologia Plantarum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528312/a-canadian-simulation-model-for-major-depressive-disorder-study-protocol
#26
REVIEW
Shahzad Ghanbarian, Gavin W K Wong, Mary Bunka, Louisa Edwards, Sonya Cressman, Tania Conte, Sandra Peterson, Rohit Vijh, Morgan Price, Christian Schuetz, David Erickson, Linda Riches, Ginny Landry, Kim McGrail, Jehannine Austin, Stirling Bryan
BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common, often recurrent condition and a significant driver of healthcare costs. People with MDD often receive pharmacological therapy as the first-line treatment, but the majority of people require more than one medication trial to find one that relieves symptoms without causing intolerable side effects. There is an acute need for more effective interventions to improve patients' remission and quality of life and reduce the condition's economic burden on the healthcare system...
March 26, 2024: PharmacoEconomics Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528308/exercise-regulated-mitochondrial-and-nuclear-signalling-networks-in-skeletal-muscle
#27
REVIEW
Elizabeth G Reisman, John A Hawley, Nolan J Hoffman
Exercise perturbs energy homeostasis in skeletal muscle and engages integrated cellular signalling networks to help meet the contraction-induced increases in skeletal muscle energy and oxygen demand. Investigating exercise-associated perturbations in skeletal muscle signalling networks has uncovered novel mechanisms by which exercise stimulates skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes whole-body health and fitness. While acute exercise regulates a complex network of protein post-translational modifications (e...
March 25, 2024: Sports Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527560/transcriptomic-insights-into-the-lipotoxicity-of-high-fat-high-fructose-diet-in-rat-and-mouse
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
An-Qi Zhu, Ning Luo, Xiao-Ting Zhou, Min Yuan, Chu-Mei Zhang, Tian-Ling Pan, Kun-Ping Li
Along with the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide, the deleterious effects of high-calorie diet are gradually recognized through more and more epidemiological studies. However, the concealed and chronic causality whitewashes its unhealthy character. Given an ingenious mechanism orchestrates the metabolic adaptation to high-fat high-fructose (HFF) diet and connive its lipotoxicity, in this study, an experimental rat/mouse model of obesity was induced and a comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed to probe the mystery...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527434/brain-thymus-connections-in-chagas-disease
#29
REVIEW
Florencia Belén González, Wilson Savino, Ana Rosa Pérez
BACKGROUND: The brain and the immune systems represent the two primary adaptive systems within the body. Both are involved in a dynamic process of communication, vital for the preservation of mammalian homeostasis. This interplay involves two major pathways: the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). SUMMARY: The establishment of infection can affect immunoneuroendocrine interactions, with functional consequences for immune organs, particularly the thymus...
March 25, 2024: Neuroimmunomodulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526995/fine-tuning-of-the-innate-and-adaptive-immune-responses-by-interleukin-2
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christina Sakellariou, Luise A Roser, Susanne Schiffmann, Malin Lindstedt
Novel immunotherapies for cancer and other diseases aim to trigger the immune system to produce durable responses, while overcoming the immunosuppression that may contribute to disease severity, and in parallel considering immunosafety aspects. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) was one of the first cytokines that the FDA approved as a cancer-targeting immunotherapy. However, in the past years, IL-2 immunotherapy is not actively offered to patients, due to limited efficacy, when compared to other novel immunotherapies, and the associated severe adverse events...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Immunotoxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526630/exploring-transient-global-transcriptional-changes-induced-by-ascorbic-acid-revealed-via-atkas-seq-profiling
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiangyue Liu, Weizhi He, Lulu Hu
Transcription initiates the formation of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) regions within the genome, delineating transcription bubbles, a highly dynamic genomic process. Kethoxal-assisted single-stranded DNA sequencing (KAS-seq) utilizing N3 -kethoxal has emerged as a potent tool for mapping specific guanine positions in ssDNA on a genome-wide scale. However, the original KAS-seq method required the costly Accel-NGS Methyl-seq DNA library kit. This study introduces an optimized iteration of the KAS-seq technique, referred to as adapter-tagged KAS-seq (atKAS-seq), incorporating an adapter tagging strategy...
March 25, 2024: Functional & Integrative Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525150/decoding-the-metabolomic-responses-of-caragana-tibetica-to-livestock-grazing-in-fragile-ecosystems
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minghui He, Yanlong Han, Yong Gao, Min Han, Liqing Duan
The population of Caragana tibetica , situated on the edge of the typical grassland-to-desert transition in the Mu Us Sandy Land, plays a vital ecological role in maintaining stability within the regional fragile ecosystem. Despite the consistent growth of C. tibetica following animal grazing, the biological mechanisms underlying its compensatory growth in response to livestock consumption remain unclear. Analyzing 48 metabolomic profiles from C. tibetica , our study reveals that the grazing process induces significant changes in the metabolic pathways of C...
2024: Frontiers in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525030/range-expansion-can-promote-the-evolution-of-plastic-generalism-in-coarse-grained-landscapes
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caitlin M Miller, Jeremy A Draghi
Phenotypic plasticity is one way for organisms to deal with variable environments through generalism. However, plasticity is not found universally and its evolution may be constrained by costs and other limitations such as complexity: the need for multiple mutational steps before the adaptation is realized. Theory predicts that greater experienced heterogeneity, such as organisms may encounter when spatial heterogeneity is fine-grained relative to dispersal, should favor the evolution of a broader niche. Here we tested this prediction via simulation...
April 2024: Evolution Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524764/-methylomonadaceae-was-the-active-and-dominant-methanotroph-in-tibet-lake-sediments
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yongcui Deng, Chulin Liang, Xiaomeng Zhu, Xinshu Zhu, Lei Chen, Hongan Pan, Fan Xun, Ye Tao, Peng Xing
Methane (CH4 ), an important greenhouse gas, significantly impacts the local and global climate. Our study focused on the composition and activity of methanotrophs residing in the lakes on the Tibetan Plateau, a hotspot for climate change research. Based on the field survey, the family Methylomonadaceae had a much higher relative abundance in freshwater lakes than in brackish and saline lakes, accounting for ~92% of total aerobic methanotrophs. Using the microcosm sediment incubation with 13 CH4 followed by high throughput sequencing and metagenomic analysis, we further demonstrated that the family Methylomonadaceae was actively oxidizing CH4 ...
January 2024: ISME Commun
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524433/alternative-oxidase-from-molecule-and-function-to-future-inhibitors
#35
REVIEW
Jiye Li, Shiyun Yang, Yujie Wu, Ruina Wang, Yu Liu, Jiacun Liu, Zi Ye, Renjie Tang, Malcolm Whiteway, Quanzhen Lv, Lan Yan
In the respiratory chain of the majority of aerobic organisms, the enzyme alternative oxidase (AOX) functions as the terminal oxidase and has important roles in maintaining metabolic and signaling homeostasis in mitochondria. AOX endows the respiratory system with flexibility in the coupling among the carbon metabolism pathway, electron transport chain (ETC) activity, and ATP turnover. AOX allows electrons to bypass the main cytochrome pathway to restrict the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The inhibition of AOX leads to oxidative damage and contributes to the loss of adaptability and viability in some pathogenic organisms...
March 19, 2024: ACS Omega
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523261/mapk-dependent-control-of-mitotic-progression-in-s-pombe
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Belén Iglesias-Romero, Terersa Soto, Ignacio Flor-Parra, Silvia Salas-Pino, Gabriel Ruiz-Romero, Kathleen L Gould, José Cansado, Rafael R Daga
BACKGROUND: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) preserve cell homeostasis by transducing physicochemical fluctuations of the environment into multiple adaptive responses. These responses involve transcriptional rewiring and the regulation of cell cycle transitions, among others. However, how stress conditions impinge mitotic progression is largely unknown. The mitotic checkpoint is a surveillance mechanism that inhibits mitotic exit in situations of defective chromosome capture, thus preventing the generation of aneuploidies...
March 25, 2024: BMC Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523155/harnessing-innate-immune-pathways-for-therapeutic-advancement-in-cancer
#37
REVIEW
Ankang Hu, Li Sun, Hao Lin, Yuheng Liao, Hui Yang, Ying Mao
The innate immune pathway is receiving increasing attention in cancer therapy. This pathway is ubiquitous across various cell types, not only in innate immune cells but also in adaptive immune cells, tumor cells, and stromal cells. Agonists targeting the innate immune pathway have shown profound changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and improved tumor prognosis in preclinical studies. However, to date, the clinical success of drugs targeting the innate immune pathway remains limited. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that activation of the innate immune pathway can paradoxically promote tumor progression...
March 25, 2024: Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522857/transcriptomic-investigation-unveils-the-role-of-energy-metabolism-under-low-phosphorus-and-salt-combined-stress-in-soybean-glycine-max
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiuwen Zhou, Xingdong Yao, Dexin He, Hexiang Sun, Futi Xie
Soybean (Glycine max) is economically significant, but the mechanisms underlying its adaptation to simultaneous low phosphorus and salt stresses are unclear. We employed the Shennong 94-1-8 soybean germplasm to conduct a comprehensive analysis, integrating both physiochemical and transcriptomic approaches, to unravel the response mechanisms of soybean when subjected to simultaneous low phosphorus and salt stresses. Remarkably, the combined stress exhibited the most pronounced impact on the soybean root system, which led to a substantial reduction in total soluble sugar (TSS) and total soluble protein (TSP) within the plants under this treatment...
2024: Physiologia Plantarum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522826/nanoparticle-targeting-of-neutrophil-glycolysis-prevents-lung-ischemia-reperfusion-injury
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fuyi Liao, Davide Scozzi, Dequan Zhou, Mina Maksimos, Camila Diedrich, Marlene Cano, Laneshia K Tague, Zhyi Liu, Jeffrey A Haspel, Jennifer M Leonard, Wenjun Li, Alexander S Krupnick, Brian W Wong, Daniel Kreisel, Abdel Kareem Azab, Andrew E Gelman
Neutrophils exacerbate pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) resulting in poor short and long-term outcomes for lung transplant recipients. Glycolysis powers neutrophil activation, but it remains unclear if neutrophil-specific targeting of this pathway will inhibit IRI. Lipid nanoparticles containing the glycolysis flux inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) were conjugated to neutrophil-specific Ly6G antibodies (NP-Ly6G(2-DG)). Intravenously administered NP-Ly6G(2-DG) to mice exhibited high specificity for circulating neutrophils...
March 22, 2024: American Journal of Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522773/establishment-of-efficient-5-hydroxyvaleric-acid-production-system-by-regenerating-alpha-ketoglutaric-acid-and-its-application-in-poly-5-hydroxyvaleric-acid-production
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suhye Choi, Byungchan Kim, Suwon Kim, Yeda Lee, Yuni Shin, Jinok Oh, Shashi Kant Bhatia, Seung-Oh Seo, See-Hyoung Park, Kyungmoon Park, Yung-Hun Yang
5-hydroxyvaleric acid (5-HV) is a versatile C5 intermediate of bio-based high-value chemical synthesis pathways. However, 5-HV production faces a few shortcomings involving the supply of cofactors, especially α-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG). Herein, we established a two-cell biotransformation system by introducing L- glutamate oxidase (GOX) to regenerate α-KG. Additionally, the catalase KatE was adapted to inhibit α-KG degradation by the H2 O2 produced during GOX reaction. We searched for the best combination of genes and vectors and optimized the biotransformation conditions to maximize GOX effectiveness...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Biotechnology
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