sleep cardiovascular

BACKGROUND: Genetic and familial contributions to early-onset atrial fibrillation are described primarily in individuals of European ancestry. However, the role of racial and familial contributions in the pathogenesis of early-onset atrial flutter (EOAFL) is unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this cross-sectional study, participants were enrolled prospectively from 2015 to 2021 in multiple academic centers with a diagnosis of atrial flutter (AFL) confirmed by ECG...

INTRODUCTION: This study explored the behaviours of people living with HIV in Singapore and Hong Kong in terms of achieving and maintaining their physical and psychological wellbeing in relation to HIV, to identify the challenges and support needed in HIV care. METHODS: This qualitative study involved 90-minute interviews among Singapore and Hong Kong people living with HIV aged ≥18 years to explore health-related quality of life perceptions and gaps in patient empowerment in HIV care during February-May 2022...

Autophagy plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to various stress conditions by the degradation of intracellular components. In this narrative review, we provide a comprehensive overview of autophagy's cellular and molecular basis, biological significance, pharmacological modulation, and its relevance in lifestyle medicine. We delve into the intricate molecular mechanisms that govern autophagy, including macroautophagy, microautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy. Moreover, we highlight the biological significance of autophagy in aging, immunity, metabolism, apoptosis, tissue differentiation and systemic diseases, such as neurodegenerative or cardiovascular diseases and cancer...

Higher fat-to-muscle mass ratio (FMR) is reported to be a risk factor for various diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, and mortality. Although this association suggests that reducing FMR may help to prevent certain diseases and mortality, the relationship between FMR and lifestyle factors is unclear. Therefore, we performed a cross-sectional study with the aim to elucidate this relationship. This cross-sectional study included 1518 healthy Japanese adults aged 30 to 64 years...

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is the most prevalent sleep and respiratory disorder. This syndrome can induce severe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, and intermittent hypoxia is a pivotal contributor to this damage. Vascular pathology is closely associated with the impairment of target organs, marking a focal point in current research. Vascular lesions are the fundamental pathophysiological basis of multiorgan ailments and indicate a shared pathogenic mechanism among common cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions, suggesting their importance as a public health concern...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease with intermittent hypoxemia during sleep. It has been shown that OSA is related to several cardiovascular diseases including heart failure. Both OSA and heart failure have a close association bidirectionally. This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of OSA in patients with heart failure as well as pooled prevalence of heart failure in patients with OSA. This was a systematic review with a meta-analysis. The inclusion criteria were observational or epidemiological studies conducted in adult patients with heart failure to evaluate the prevalence of OSA and patients with OSA to evaluate the prevalence of heart failure...

Background Of all fatalities occurring globally each year caused by noncommunicable diseases, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity are associated with an increased risk of sudden death and cardiovascular mortality. Metabolic syndrome and its comorbidities are linked to OSA. The three essential elements of the metabolic syndrome are improper lipid metabolism, hypertension, and insulin resistance. The effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on metabolic syndrome elements and related symptoms and whether CPAP therapy helps reverse the syndrome was studied...

BACKGROUND: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) combined with resistant hypertension (RH) have a high risk of developing primary aldosteronism (PA). This study investigated the aldosterone-renin ratio (ARR), plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), and plasma renin activity (PRA) to determine the optimal cutoff values for PA diagnosis in patients with OSAHS combined with RH. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with moderate and severe OSAHS combined with RH were recruited from the inpatient clinic of the Department of Endocrinology at Ji'an Central Hospital between October 2020 and April 2023...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The world is proliferating rapidly, with science and technology advancing at an incredible rate. These advances have, however, ushered in an age with a rise in social isolation (SI) and loneliness. SI is an objective term that refers to lacking social contact or support. On the other hand, loneliness is subjective and refers to feeling alone or isolated. These concepts are rapidly gaining prominence mainly due to their negative impact on the physical and psychological health of the population, mainly through behavioural modifications that encompass substance abuse, decreased physical activity and unhealthy food habits, and poor sleep hygiene...

This comprehensive article delves into the intricate and multifaceted issue of noise pollution, shedding light on its diverse sources, profound health implications, and the economic burden it imposes on societies. Noise pollution is an increasingly prevalent environmental challenge, impacting millions of people worldwide, often without their full awareness of its adverse effects. Drawing from a wealth of scientific research, the article underscores the well-established links between noise pollution and a spectrum of health issues, including cardiovascular diseases, sleep disturbances, and psychological stress...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to identify clusters of health behaviors and study their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes in India. METHODS: Baseline data from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program (n = 1000; age 30-60 years) were used for this study. Information on physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, fruit and vegetable intake, sleep, and alcohol and tobacco use was collected using questionnaires...

UNLABELLED: In a recent survey of 16,694 people receiving treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), approximately 25% were treated with benzodiazepines either singly or in combination with other RLS treatments. Because of the large number of people receiving benzodiazepines for treatment of RLS, we conducted a historical overview of the therapeutic role of benzodiazepines in RLS and its associated condition Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep (PLMS). We found 17 articles on the use of clonazepam in RLS, PLMS, or both, 3 on triazolam and PLMS, 1 on alprazolam and RLS, 1 on temazepam and PLMS, and 1 on nitrazepam and PLMS...

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia that is associated with obesity and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). Obesity and OSA may increase the risk of AF by affecting cardiovascular health. METHODS: The study used the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, combined with two-sample and multivariable analyses, to assess the relationships between obesity, OSA, and AF. The study utilized GWAS data and applied various statistical methods for the analysis...

BACKGROUND: Obesity is one of the most prevalent medical conditions in the Western world. There are many risk factors associated with obesity, including cardiovascular and pulmonary risk. Vascular health is not studied in obese patients, and whether obesity has an adverse effect on vascular health in these patients remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: The first objective is to find a correlation between vascular health and obesity and whether obesity can be classified as a risk factor for vascular health...

BACKGROUND: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is defined as an individual's perception of sustained cognitive decline compared to their normal state while still performing within boundaries for normal functioning. Demographic, psychosocial and medical factors have been linked to age-related cognitive decline, and Alzheimer's dementia (AD). However, their relation to risk for SCD remains unclear. This study aims to identify demographic factors, psychosocial and cardiovascular health associated with SCD within the Brain Health Registry (BHR) online cohort...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between comorbid obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia and major adverse cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction, unstable angina, congestive heart failure, and stroke, in adults with suspected sleep disorders who underwent sleep apnea testing. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of electronic medical records data from patients with clinical encounters at sleep medicine centers to identify patients with comorbid obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea only, insomnia only, and patients without a diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea or insomnia (i...

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) contributes to the generation, recurrence, and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation, and it is associated with worse outcomes. Little is known about the economic impact of OSA therapy in atrial fibrillation. This retrospective cohort study assessed the impact of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy adherence on health care resource use and costs in patients with OSA and atrial fibrillation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Insurance claims data for ≥1 year before sleep testing and 2 years after device setup were linked with objective PAP therapy use data...

BACKGROUND: The relation of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to lifestyle behaviors and factors linked with cardiovascular health remains unclear. We aimed to understand how the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score (and its changes over time) relate to CRF and complementary exercise measures in community-dwelling adults. METHODS AND RESULTS: Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants underwent maximum effort cardiopulmonary exercise testing for direct quantification of peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2 )...

IMPORTANCE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent mental health problem that increases risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is not known whether gender or comorbidities modify associations between PTSD and CVD. OBJECTIVE: To assess risk of hypertension and atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) associated with PTSD in a predominantly young military population, and determine if gender or PTSD comorbidities modify these associations. DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Using administrative medical records, this longitudinal, retrospective cohort study assessed relationships of PTSD, gender, comorbidities (metabolic risk factors [MRF], behavioral risk factors [BRF], depression, and sleep disorders) to subsequent hypertension and ASCVD among 863,993 active-duty U...

AIMS: Potocki-Lupski syndrome (PTLS), which is caused by the partial duplication of the short arm of autosome 17, is characterized by feeding difficulties associated with muscle hypotonia and dysphagia in infancy, followed by growth retardation and low body weight in later stages. Speech and motor developmental disorders are observed in childhood, accompanied by autism spectrum disorders in several cases. Other disorders include dental and skeletal abnormalities, and associated sleep apnea...