keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484938/a-comprehensive-review-of-empty-sella-and-empty-sella-syndrome
#1
REVIEW
Michelle D Lundholm, Divya Yogi-Morren
Incidental radiographic findings of an empty sella are prevalent in up to 35% of the general population. While empty sella was initially considered clinically insignificant, a subset of patients exhibits endocrine or neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations which are diagnostic of empty sella syndrome (ESS). Recent studies suggest that more patients are affected by ESS than previously recognized, necessitating a deeper understanding of this condition and an approach to evaluating and managing these patients. This comprehensive review addresses the etiologies and risk factors associated with primary and secondary empty sella, the radiological features that differentiate empty sella from other sellar lesions, and the role of clinical history and hormone testing in identifying patients with ESS...
March 12, 2024: Endocrine Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478069/the-diagnostic-value-of-mri-findings-in-pediatric-idiopathic-intracranial-hypertension-a-case-control-study
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Farrokh Seilanian Toosi, Narges Hashemi, Maryam Emadzadeh, Ehsan Hassan Nejad, Asma Payandeh, Nahid Tavakkolizadeh, Javad Akhondian, Farah Ashrafzadeh, Mehran Beiraghi Toosi, Yousef Shahmoradi, MohammadReza Pourzal, Seyed Amirhossein Kazemi, AmirAli Moodi Ghalibaf, Behnam Beizaei
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a rare medical condition in children. Based on the different radiological findings reported in various studies in pediatric IIH, this study was conducted to determine the diagnostic value of MRI findings in diagnosing IIH in children. METHODS: In this retrospective study, the medical records of all children aged 1 to 18 years who visited Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, between 2012 and 2022 and were diagnosed with IIH were gathered...
March 13, 2024: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460444/enhancing-diagnostic-accuracy-through-neuroimaging-revisions-in-pediatric-pseudotumor-cerebri-syndrome-a-cross-sectional-study
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amira Masri, Nosaiba Al Ryalat, Azmy Hadidy, Ashjan Ahmad Al-Shakkah, Majd Ali, Mira Al Jaberi, Raghad Shihadat, Abdallah Rayyan, Mohammad AlMasri, Lina Abunameh
BACKGROUND: This cross-sectional study aimed to report all neuroimaging findings suggestive of raised intracranial pressure in children with pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS), before and after re-review by two neuroradiologists. METHODS: We included 48 children aged <18 years diagnosed with PTCS between 2016 and 2021. Clinical and radiological data were obtained from their medical files. Two neuroradiologists independently re-reviewed all neuroimages, and the average of their assessments was compared with the initial neuroimaging reports; an additional review was done to analyze inter- and intraclass correlation...
February 18, 2024: Pediatric Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457550/a-case-of-empty-sella-syndrome-with-adrenal-insufficiency-masked-by-prednisolone-after-administration-of-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuichiro Iwamoto, Fuminori Tatsumi, Mana Ohnishi, Yukino Katakura, Tomohiko Kimura, Masashi Shimoda, Shuhei Nakanishi, Tomoatsu Mune, Hideaki Kaneto
INTRODUCTION: The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is gradually increasing; ICIs produce a variety of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), especially ICI-induced hypoadrenocorticism, which can be a lethal complication if treatment is delayed. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 63-year-old man received chemotherapy with pembrolizumab for nonsmall cell lung cancer. He developed drug-induced interstitial pneumonia 366 days after receiving pembrolizumab and was treated with prednisolone...
March 8, 2024: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445135/a-case-report-of-sheehan-syndrome-a-rare-cause-of-hypopituitarism
#5
Ana Luís Vasconcelos, Rita Pinto Ribeiro, Patrícia Claúdio Ferreira, Joana Maciel, Rosário Araújo
Sheehan syndrome is a rare cause of hypopituitarism characterized by pituitary gland necrosis after postpartum hemorrhage. It is a pertinent cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries with deficient obstetrical care but is frequently overlooked in developed countries where its occurrence is uncommon. We present the case of a 66-year-old female diagnosed with Sheehan syndrome more than 30 years after her last delivery complicated by postpartum hemorrhage. Although the patient presented several symptoms and signs of pituitary hormonal deficiencies, a diagnosis had never been established before...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396059/normative-body-mass-adjusted-reference-ranges-of-magnetic-resonance-imaging-signs-commonly-used-in-diagnosing-idiopathic-intracranial-hypertension-in-a-healthy-standard-population
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rike Kobrow, Stefan Gross, Robert Fleischmann, Jörg Baldauf, Sönke Langner, Sebastian Strauss
Patients with chronic daily headaches (CDH) are often a diagnostic challenge and frequently undergo neuroimaging. One common underlying cause of CDH is idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). However, certain neuroimaging abnormalities that suggest IIH, such as optic nerve sheath diameters (ONSD), pituitary gland height, and venous sinus diameter, require interpretation due to the absence of established normative values. Notably, intracranial pressure is known to varies with age, sex and weight, further complicating the determination of objectively abnormal findings within a specific patient group...
February 24, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38393958/spontaneous-rhinorrhea-and-idiopathic-intracranial-hypertension-a-complex-and-challenging-association
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leonardo de Macedo Filho, Carolina Carmona Pinheiro Machado, Gabrielle Brito Bezerra Mendes, Luma Maria Figueiredo Santana, Mauro Emiliano Ruella, Sanjeet Grewal, Kaisorn L Chaichana, Alfredo Quinones Hinojosa, Olga Fermo, Joao Paulo Almeida
INTRODUCTION: Spontaneous CSF leak is a known complication of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Patients with CSF rhinorrhea present a unique challenge within the IIH population, as the occurrence of a leak can mask the typical IIH symptoms and signs, complicating the diagnosis. Treatment of leaks in this population can also be challenging, with the risk of rhinorrhea recurrence if intracranial hypertension is not adequately treated. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this narrative review was to examine current literature on the association between spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea leaks and IIH, focusing on key clinical features, diagnostic approaches, management strategies, and outcomes...
February 23, 2024: Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38322086/incidental-petrous-apex-cephalocele-presenting-with-transient-global-amnesia-a-case-report-and-rapid-literature-review
#8
Alexandros Brotis, Mariana Vlychou, Ioannis Ioannidis
Transient global amnesia (TGA) constitutes a rare clinical entity that manifests with temporary memory without any other neurological manifestation. Several pathogenetic mechanisms have been implicated, including temporal hypoperfusion, venous congestion, and cortical spreading potentials. Accordingly, the only relevant imaging findings are hippocampal CA1 areas of restricted diffusion on diffusion-weighted images. In the current case report, we present the rare case of a patient with TGA associated with bilateral petrous apex cephalocele (PAC)...
January 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38288223/when-a-low-t-diagnosis-can-be-the-clue-to-a-more-complex-problem
#9
Adrian G Dumitrascu, Ana-Maria Chindris, Claudiu Matei, Razvan M Chirila
Male hypogonadism remains a poorly evaluated and managed clinical condition despite the availability of clinical guidelines. We present a case of a male patient diagnosed with secondary hypogonadism related to partial empty sella syndrome, whose clinical course was complicated by a hypotensive near-syncopal event. Although initial hypopituitarism symptoms could be subtle and nonspecific and could involve only one hormonal axis, a thorough evaluation of the pituitary function may identify additional deficiencies such as a subclinical chronic adrenal insufficiency that may become manifest during situations of increased physiological stress with potential life-threatening consequences...
December 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38236646/clinical-characteristics-of-idiopathic-intracranial-hypertension-in-older-adults
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sina J Sabet, Nicolas C Gasquet, Amanda D Henderson, Andrew R Carey
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition that classically affects obese women of child-bearing age. However, it is sometimes encountered in older patients. The purpose of this study was to help clinicians better understand how this disease can present differently in these age groups. METHODS: This is a retrospective chart review from a single academic center of baseline characteristics of adult patients diagnosed with IIH based on the modified Dandy criteria...
January 18, 2024: Journal of Neuro-ophthalmology: the Official Journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38162419/ectopic-pituitary-adenoma-with-empty-sella-a-case-report
#11
Bourekba Iliass, Boumeriem Khaoula, Khouchoua Selma, Laamrani Fatima Zahra, Jroundi Laila, El Aoufir Omar
Ectopic pituitary adenoma is a condition characterized by the presence of an adenoma originating from extra-sellar pituitary cell residue from the migration of Rathke's pouch. First described in 1909, ectopic pituitary adenoma is a very rare, largely unknown condition with a challenging diagnosis, that requires proving the absence of communication between the extra-sellar mass and the normal pituitary gland (or any of the intra-sellar contents). Here, we describe the case of a 38-year-old female who presented with symptomatic hyperprolactinemia in whom magnetic resonance imaging revealed a space-occupying mass in the sphenoid sinus with an empty sella turcica...
2024: SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38081743/anterior-hypopituitarism-due-to-primary-empty-sella-syndrome-in-a-critically-unwell-patient
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariya Rajesh, Tahir Omer, Sadasivan Chinniah
A previously fit and well male in his early 40s, presented to the emergency department, hypotensive, bradycardic and hypothermic with reduced levels of consciousness after being found diaphoretic and unwell at his home. Despite fluid resuscitation with warmed saline, he remained hypotensive and required vasopressor support leading to intensive care admission. Initially, the patient was managed for suspected meningoencephalitis but was later found to have hypopituitarism leading to secondary hypothyroidism and adrenal insufficiency...
December 11, 2023: BMJ Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38077783/probable-ponatinib-induced-papilledema-in-a-patient-with-acute-lymphocytic-leukemia
#13
Jared A Moon, Eileen C Bowden, Moe H Aung
PURPOSE: Papilledema is a very rare complication of leukemia therapies, and particularly tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. Targeted oncologic therapies are becoming increasingly popular, so it is increasingly important to report rare adverse effects. We present a case of probable papilledema in the setting of ponatinib therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. OBSERVATIONS: Our patient is a 48-year-old male who was diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia...
December 2023: American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38053704/idiopathic-intracranial-hypertension-associated-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-sensorineural-hearing-loss-and-elevated-inflammatory-markers-that-lead-to-bilateral-blindness-a-case-report-with-literature-review
#14
Sara Zarei, Setareh Kamali, William Narinyan, Farnoush Nasouri, Sara Hassani, Abdul Mahmoud Ibrahim, Rojeen Zarei, Sadiq Altamimi
BACKGROUND: Pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) or idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by elevated intracranial pressure without hydrocephalus or mass lesion, with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies and neuroimaging. The exact cause remains uncertain, but potential mechanisms include increased CSF production, impaired CSF absorption, cerebral edema, and abnormal cerebral venous pressure gradients. Patients may present with various accompanying symptoms such as unilateral or bilateral visual obscuration, pulsatile tinnitus, back pain, dizziness, neck pain, blurred vision, cognitive difficulties, radicular pain, and typically intermittent horizontal diplopia...
2023: Surgical Neurology International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38050276/acute-pituitary-crisis-after-lumbar-surgery-a-case-report
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Wang, Xingrui Gong
RATIONALE: Patients with hypopituitarism often have no specific symptoms; that frequently results in missed diagnosis. An acute hypopituitarism crisis can be induced under stressful conditions. Here, we report a rare case of an acute pituitary crisis after lumbar surgery. PATIENT CONCERNS: We describe a 62-year-old female who presented with refractory electrolyte disorders after lumbar surgery. In addition, she developed anorexia, nausea, vomiting, chest cavity effusion, ascites, pericardial effusion, anemia, low blood pressure, bradycardia, and unconsciousness after surgery...
December 1, 2023: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37916020/sheehan-s-syndrome-in-india-clinical-characteristics-and-laboratory-evaluation
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Prabhat Agrawal, Ruchika Garg, Mohita Agrawal, Manish Kumar Singh, Urvashi Verma, Richa Chauhan
BACKGROUND: Sheehan's Syndrome (SS) is an important cause of hypopituitarism especially in developing countries though it remains underdiagnosed to a great extent. Torrential bleeding after delivery followed by lactation failure and amenorrhoea gives a clue to the diagnosis which is usually made after several years of delivery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a retrospective observational study conducted by reviewing the case records of 38 cases of SS. The age, anthropometric measurements, signs and symptoms, biochemical parameters, hormone levels and imaging reports were examined and analyzed...
October 2023: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37908993/development-of-an-empty-sella
#17
Stanley M Chen Cardenas, Debraj Mukherjee, Amir H Hamrahian
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 2023: JCEM Case Rep
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37908581/pituitary-apoplexy-secondary-to-gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-agonist-for-breast-cancer
#18
Katherine Mastandrea, Mihail Voica, Maryam Tetlay, Farhad Hasan
Pituitary apoplexy is a potentially fatal clinical condition that results from pituitary infarction due to ischemia or hemorrhage. We present a case of a 53-year-old female patient with a history of recurrent pituitary macroadenoma who presented with headache, blurry vision, nausea, vomiting, and photophobia after receiving a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, leuprolide, as part of adjuvant endocrine therapy for breast cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the presence of pituitary apoplexy, and endocrine workup showed anterior hypopituitarism...
May 2023: JCEM Case Rep
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37886859/-a-rare-cause-of-headache-case-report-of-trigeminal-neuralgia-concomitant-with-idiopathic-intracranial-hypertension
#19
Burcu Özalp Horsanalı, Hüsnü Yılmaz, Meltem Uyar, Can Eyigör
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is the condition of sudden, usually unilateral, very short-lasting, stinging, and recurrent pain in the distribution area of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is an increase in intracranial pressure associated with normal cerebrospinal fluid composition that is not due to a secondary cause. Although not frequent, the association of IIH and TN has also been reported. We aimed to present a rare case report in which TN is concomitant with IIH...
October 2023: Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37838235/running-on-empty-a-source-for-multiple-nonspecific-symptoms
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Clemens, Sydney Bowmaster
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 12, 2023: American Journal of Medicine
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