keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484259/comparative-long-term-outcomes-of-natural-orifice-specimen-extraction-surgery-and-conventional-laparoscopic-colectomy-for-left-sided-colorectal-cancer-a-propensity-score-matched-analysis
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shu-Zhen Xu, Zhen-Fa Wang, Zhi-Jie Ding, Shi-Feng Zhang, Si-Bo Yuan, Feng Yan, Guo-Yan Liu, Jian-Chun Cai
BACKGROUND: Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) is currently widely used in left-sided colorectal cancer. Some clinical comparative studies have been conducted, providing evidence of its safety and oncological benefits. However, these studies are typically characterized by small sample sizes and short postoperative follow-up periods. Consequently, in this research, the authors adopt the propensity score matching method to undertake a large-scale retrospective comparative study on NOSES colectomy for left-sided colorectal cancer, with the goal of further augmenting the body of evidence-based medical support for NOSES...
March 1, 2024: International Journal of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473350/sex-differences-in-cancer-incidence-rates-by-race-and-ethnicity-results-from-the-surveillance-epidemiology-and-end-results-seer-registry-2000-2019
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sararat Tosakoon, Wayne R Lawrence, Meredith S Shiels, Sarah S Jackson
Men have 2-3 times the rate of most non-sex-specific cancers compared to women, but whether this is due to differences in biological or environmental factors remains poorly understood. This study investigated sex differences in cancer incidence by race and ethnicity. Cancer incidence data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) program (2000-2019) were used to calculate male-to-female incidence rate ratios (MF IRRs) for each cancer site, stratified by race and ethnicity, and age-standardized to the 2000 U...
February 29, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463020/y-z-deformable-magnetic-ring-for-the-treatment-of-rectal-stricture-a-case-report-and-review-of-literature
#3
Miao-Miao Zhang, Huan-Chen Sha, Yuan-Fa Qin, Yi Lyu, Xiao-Peng Yan
BACKGROUND: Treatment of postoperative anastomotic stenosis for colorectal cancer is often challenging, especially for patients who do not respond well to endoscopy. In cases where patients have undergone an enterostomy, the stenosis can be easily resolved through magnetic compression. However, common magnetic compression techniques cannot be performed on those without enterostomy. We designed a novel Y-Z deformable magnetic ring (Y-Z DMR) and successfully applied it to a patient with a stenosis rectal anastomosis and without enterostomy after rectal cancer surgery...
February 14, 2024: World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450897/long-term-outcomes-of-definitive-radiation-with-volumetric-modulated-arc-therapy-and-concurrent-chemotherapy-for-squamous-cell-carcinoma-of-the-anus-in-a-regional-australian-cancer-centre
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Ti Hsieh, Thomas Philip Shakespeare, Lauren Winkley, Daniel Goonetilleke, Shaun Zheng Liang Yap, Abdul Rahim Mohd Tahir
INTRODUCTION: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard of care in the curative intent treatment of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anus. Volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) is a highly conformal radiation therapy technique that has been implemented to reduce toxicity for these patients. However, there are few reports evaluating the long-term outcomes of VMAT. Thus, we evaluated the survival and toxicity outcomes of anal cancer patients treated in our regional cancer centre undergoing curative intent chemoradiotherapy using VMAT and following the Australian EviQ guidelines...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38448660/treatment-of-poorly-differentiated-neuroendocrine-carcinomas-of-rectum-and-anus-with-chemoradiotherapy-a-single-centre-evaluation
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Louise Elkjær Fløe, Ninna Aggerholm-Pedersen, Elizaveta Mitkina Tabaksblat
PURPOSE: Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (PDNEC) of the rectum and anus is a rare disease exhibiting aggressive biological behaviour, even if diagnosed early. Currently, there are no agreed standard treatment approaches and management of locally advanced (LA) and metastatic PDNEC usually follows treatments used in pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas because of the similarities with small cell lung cancer. The role of surgery in PDNEC is still debated and the benefit of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is unknown...
March 6, 2024: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440068/the-accuracy-of-anal-self-and-companion-exams-among-sexual-minority-men-and-transgender-women-a-prospective-analysis
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alan G Nyitray, Timothy L McAuliffe, Cameron Liebert, Michael D Swartz, Ashish A Deshmukh, Elizabeth Y Chiao, Lou Weaver, Ellen Almirol, Jared Kerman, John A Schneider, J Michael Wilkerson, Lu-Yu Hwang, Derek Smith, Aniruddha Hazra
BACKGROUND: Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) annual incidence among sexual minority men with and without HIV is 85/100,000 and 19/100,000 persons, respectively, which is significantly higher than the overall incidence (2/100,000). Incidence may also be higher in transgender women. Since SCCA tumours average ≥30 mm at diagnosis, we assessed the accuracy of individuals to self-detect smaller anal abnormalities. METHODS: Using convenience sampling, the study enrolled sexual minority men and transgender women, aged 25-81 years, in Chicago, Illinois and Houston, Texas, USA, during 2020-2022...
March 2024: Lancet Reg Health Am
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411981/socioeconomic-disparities-in-anal-cancer-effect-on-treatment-delay-and-survival
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pramod Nepal, Muhammad Zafar, Li C Liu, Ziqiao Xu, Mohamad A Abdulhai, Alejandra M Perez-Tamayo, Vivek Chaudhry, Anders F Mellgren, Gerald Gantt
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic inequities have implications in access to health care and may be associated with disparities in treatment and survival. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of socioeconomic inequities on time to treatment and survival of anal squamous cell carcinoma. DESIGN: This is a retrospective study using a nationwide dataset. SETTINGS: The patients were selected from National Cancer Database enrolled from 2004 to 2016...
February 27, 2024: Diseases of the Colon and Rectum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38373213/anogenital-distance-in-a-cohort-of-169-infant-boys-with-uni-or-bilateral-cryptorchidism-including-18-boys-with-vanishing-testes
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dina Cortes, Margit Bistrup Fischer, Andrea E Hildorf, Erik Clasen-Linde, Simone Hildorf, Anders Juul, Katharina M Main, Jorgen Thorup
STUDY QUESTION: Do different boys with different types of cryptorchidism exhibit different anogenital distances (AGDs)? SUMMARY ANSWER: Length of AGD seemed to differ in different groups of patients with cryptorchidism. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: AGD, which is used as an indicator of prenatal androgen action, tends to be shorter in boys with cryptorchidism compared to unaffected boys. Shorter AGDs have also been reported in boys with hypospadias, in men with poor semen quality, and in men with testicular cancer...
February 19, 2024: Human Reproduction
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38362253/a-case-of-a-rare-type-of-cancer-anal-squamous-cell-carcinoma-in-a-patient-without-significant-risk-factors
#9
Kevan English, Mercedes Erpelding, Sandra Kaldas, Sabrine Semoin
INTRODUCTION: Anal carcinoma is a relatively uncommon tumor that accounts for less than 2% of large bowel malignancies and approximately 1-6% of anorectal tumors. Most anal cancers originate in the mucosa between the anorectal junction and the anal verge. Risk factors for anal carcinoma include human papillomavirus (HPV), immunosuppression, older age, female gender, and smoking. Approximately 85% of anal cancers are squamous cell carcinoma, and the pathophysiology is believed to be linked to HPV-related inflammation, leading to dysplasia and progression to cancer...
2024: Qatar Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38343421/a-case-of-anal-canal-carcinoma-with-pagetoid-spread-that-was-curatively-resected-by-multiple-endoscopic-and-surgical-treatments
#10
Koichi Furuta, Yoshiaki Kimoto, Yuki Kano, Takashi Sakuno, Kohei Ono, Yohei Minato, Kentaro Nakajima, Sakiko Miura, Teppei Morikawa, Ken Ohata
A 57-year-old woman with no significant medical history was referred after a colonoscopy for abdominal distension, which revealed a tumor in the lower rectum. Pre-operative colonoscopy showed the tumor was 12 mm in size, located from the anorectal junction to beyond the dentate line, and was diagnosed as high-grade intramucosal neoplasia or shallow submucosal invasive cancer. Endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed, and the lesion was resected en bloc. Pathological examination revealed moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma with tubulovillous adenoma...
April 2024: DEN Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38335005/room-for-improvement-the-impact-of-guideline-recommended-extended-thromboprophylaxis-in-patients-undergoing-abdominal-surgery-for-colorectal-and-anal-cancer-at-a-tertiary-referral-center
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sacha P Broccard, Michael A Edwards, Emily R Brennan, Aaron C Spaulding, Michelle DeLeon, Nitin Mishra, John D Casler, Dorin T Colibaseanu
BACKGROUND: Venous thromboembolism occurs in approximately 2% of patients undergoing abdominal and pelvic surgery for cancers of the colon, rectum, and anus, and is considered preventable. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons recommends extended prophylaxis in high-risk patients, but there is low adherence to the guidelines. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the impact of venous thromboembolism risk-guided prophylaxis in patients undergoing elective abdominal and pelvic surgeries for colorectal and anal cancers from 2016 to 2021...
February 8, 2024: Diseases of the Colon and Rectum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38322183/constitutional-chromothripsis-on-chromosome-2-a-rare-case-with-severe-presentation
#12
Afia Hasnain, Laura L Thompson, Nicole L Hoppman, Karine Hovanes, Jing Liu, Bita Hashemi
Chromothripsis is characterized by shattering and subsequent reassembly of chromosomes by DNA repair processes, which can give rise to a variety of congenital abnormalities and cancer. Constitutional chromothripsis is a rare occurrence, reported in children presenting with a wide range of birth defects. We present a case of a female child born with multiple major congenital abnormalities including severe microcephaly, ocular dysgenesis, heart defect, and imperforate anus. Chromosomal microarray and mate pair sequencing identified a complex chromosomal rearrangement involving the terminal end of the long arm of chromosome 2, with two duplications (located at 2p25...
2024: Case Reports in Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38320496/reduced-dose-hpv-vaccination-implications-for-cancer-prevention-policy
#13
EDITORIAL
Leeya F Pinder
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), of which there are over 200 types, typically infect cells of the skin and mucosa. Most infections are cleared by the immune system without any intervention; however, in a small percentage of infected individuals, the virus persists, resulting in a variety of disorders. More specifically, 13 HPV types have been characterized as oncogenic because of their central role in the development of premalignant and malignant lesions of the oropharynx (mouth and throat), lower gastrointestinal tract (anus), and genital organs (uterine cervix, vagina, vulva, and penis)...
February 2024: NEJM Evid
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38313748/suctionable-gauze-ball-operated-by-the-console-surgeon-overcomes-wet-scenes-during-robotic-rectal-surgery
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kaori Watanabe, Hajime Ushigome, Hiroki Takahashi, Akira Kato, Shinnosuke Harata, Yoshiaki Fujii, Takeshi Yanagita, Takuya Suzuki, Kazuyoshi Shiga, Ryo Ogawa, Yoichi Matsuo, Shuji Takiguchi
Although robotic rectal resections are now widely performed, there are few robotic suction tools that can be easily used by console surgeons. It can therefore be difficult to maintain a clear visual field in the pelvis when there is effusion and bleeding from either a highly advanced cancer or from preoperative cancer treatment. In this report, we introduce our unique surgical technique that uses a soft catheter with a small gauze ball attached, inserted through the assistant port. This simple and inexpensive "instrument" can be used by the console surgeon as a retractor as well as a reliable suction device to secure their view of the operative field in the pelvis...
2024: Journal of the Anus, Rectum and Colon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38303234/-a-case-report-of-organ-preservation-by-total-neoadjuvant-therapy-and-local-excision-for-lower-rectal-cancer
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiroki Imaoka, Hideharu Ieki, Shinji Yamashita, Takashi Ichikawa, Ryo Uratani, Tadanobu Shimura, Takahito Kitajima, Mikio Kawamura, Hiromi Yasuda, Yoshinaga Okugawa, Yuki Morimoto, Yoshiki Okita, Shigeyuki Yoshiyama, Masaki Ohi, Yuji Toiyama
In our department, total neoadjuvant therapy(TNT), which is a combination of preoperative chemotherapy and preoperative chemoradiotherapy(nCRT), has been introduced for the purpose of local and systemic disease control for lower rectal cancer. For patients in whom a clinical complete response(cCR)was obtained by TNT, we avoid the surgery and preserve organs, and follow-up strictly under the informed consent(watch and wait). In addition, for patients with remarkably reduced primary lesions(near cCR)without lymphadenopathy after TNT, the option of omitting total mesorectal excision (TME)and performing organ preservation by local excision can be introduced...
December 2023: Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38303197/-laparoscopic-abdominoperineal-resection-of-the-rectum-in-a-case-with-pagetoid-spread-of-anal-canal-carcinoma
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nobushige Yabe, Aki Kamata, Takashi Takenoya, Yuko Harada, Aya Kondo, Yusuke Asada, Hiroyuki Sako, Ippei Oto, Takahisa Yoshikawa, Koji Osumi, Noriki Kamiya, Keiichi Sotome, Yuko Futei, Yoshiyuki Ishii, Masahiko Watanabe
The patient, a man in his 60s, first noticed an elevated lesion around the anus 3 years ago. The lesion failed to subside with the topical drug preparations prescribed at a local clinic, and the patient was referred to the Department of Dermatology of our hospital for further workup and treatment. The findings of biopsy from the lesion suggested skin infiltration of anal canal carcinoma, and the patient was referred to the Department of Surgery. Examination here revealed only induration of the anal canal, with no abnormality of the rectal mucosa even when the endoscope was reversed to visualize the rectum...
December 2023: Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38275174/progress-in-the-treatment-of-anal-cancer-an-overview-of-the-latest-investigational-drugs
#17
REVIEW
James Yu, Richard D Kim
INTRODUCTION: Anal cancer, a rare malignancy accounting for 2.5 - 3.0% of gastrointestinal cancers, primarily manifests as squamous cell carcinoma associated with HPV. Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in managing squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA), particularly with the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and randomized data on front-line chemotherapy. AREAS COVERED: This review discusses the current standard treatments for both early and advanced SCCA, based on published data...
January 26, 2024: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262903/-analysis-of-the-incidence-and-symptomatology-of-low-anterior-resection-syndrome-after-laparoscopic-anterior-resection-for-rectal-cancer
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Z Wang, S L Shao, L Liu, Q Y Lu, L Mu, J C Qin
Objective: This study aims to explore the temporal trend of Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) and its symptoms after laparoscopic anterior resection for rectal cancer. Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was employed. The study included primary rectal (adenocarcinoma) cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic anterior resection at Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2020. Complete medical records and follow-up data at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months postoperatively were available for all patients...
January 25, 2024: Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke za Zhi, Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38241536/can-3d-radiological-calculations-predict-operational-difficulties-for-rectal-cancer-a-single-center-retrospective-analysis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Necdet Fatih Yasar, Elif Gundogdu, Arda Sakir Yilmaz, Bartu Badak, Fatma Didem Bayav, Alaattin Ozen, Setenay Oner
Low anterior resection, performing total mesorectal excision with appropriate pelvic dissection to prevent local recurrence, is probably the most challenging type of surgery in colorectal surgery, especially in a narrow pelvis. In this study, we aimed to predict the operation difficulty of rectal cancer by comparing the operation time with 2D and 3D pelvimetry. Sixty-six patients who underwent total mesorectal excision after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy due to primary rectal cancer located in the middle and lower rectum (10 cm from the anus) were included in the study...
January 19, 2024: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38217014/response-to-pd-1-inhibitor-in-smarcb1%C3%A2-deficient-undifferentiated-rectal-carcinoma-with-low-tmb-proficient-mmr-and-braf-v600e-mutation-a-case-report-and-literature-review
#20
REVIEW
Wenjuan Shen, Yi Pan, Shuangmei Zou
BACKGROUND: Despite major advancements, effective treatment for patients with SMARCB1-deficient cancers has remained elusive. Here, we report the first case of a SMARCB1-deficient undifferentiated carcinoma in the rectum expressing high PD-L1 and responding to a PD-1 inhibitor, as well as with low tumor mutation burden (TMB), proficient mismatch repair (MMR) and BRAF V600E mutation. CASE PRESENTATION: A 35-year-old man visited our hospital complaining of increased defecation frequency, bloody stools and weight loss of 3 kg for one month...
January 12, 2024: Diagnostic Pathology
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